ื‘ืกืดื“

Kavanot: Blueprints

Thoughts on Tanach and the Davening

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื ืคืจืงื™ื ื›ื—-ื›ื˜ is Davidโ€™s last public act. This is where he formally declares Shlomo king in front of the entire people (Shlomo had been anointed previously in ืžืœื›ื™ื ื ืคืจืง ื, in response to Adoniahโ€™s claim to the throne).

ื•ื™ืื›ืœื• ื•ื™ืฉืชื• ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืณ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื”ื•ื ื‘ืฉืžื—ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื”; ื•ื™ืžืœื™ื›ื• ืฉื ื™ืช ืœืฉืœืžื” ื‘ืŸ ื“ื•ื™ื“ ื•ื™ืžืฉื—ื• ืœื”ืณ ืœื ื’ื™ื“ ื•ืœืฆื“ื•ืง ืœื›ื”ืŸืƒ

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื ื›ื˜:ื›ื‘

But David starts with the plans to build the ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ:

ื ื•ื™ืงื”ืœ ื“ื•ื™ื“ ืืช ื›ืœ ืฉืจื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉืจื™ ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื ื•ืฉืจื™ ื”ืžื—ืœืงื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืจืชื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืœืš ื•ืฉืจื™ ื”ืืœืคื™ื ื•ืฉืจื™ ื”ืžืื•ืช ื•ืฉืจื™ ื›ืœ ืจื›ื•ืฉ ื•ืžืงื ื” ืœืžืœืš ื•ืœื‘ื ื™ื• ืขื ื”ืกืจื™ืกื™ื ื•ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืจื™ื ื•ืœื›ืœ ื’ื‘ื•ืจ ื—ื™ืœ ืืœ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืืƒ ื‘ ื•ื™ืงื ื“ื•ื™ื“ ื”ืžืœืš ืขืœ ืจื’ืœื™ื• ื•ื™ืืžืจ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™ ืื—ื™ ื•ืขืžื™; ืื ื™ ืขื ืœื‘ื‘ื™ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืช ืžื ื•ื—ื” ืœืืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ืณ ื•ืœื”ื“ื ืจื’ืœื™ ืืœืงื™ื ื• ื•ื”ื›ื™ื ื•ืชื™ ืœื‘ื ื•ืชืƒ

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื ืคืจืง ื›ื—

The text notes that ื•ื™ืงื ื“ื•ื™ื“ ื”ืžืœืš ืขืœ ืจื’ืœื™ื• because at this point, he is too feeble to get out of bed:

ืขืœ ืจื’ืœื™ื•: ื›ืื•ืžืจ ืขื ื›ื™ ืชืฉืฉ ื›ื—ื• ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื–ืงื ื” ืขื›ืดื– ื”ืชื—ื–ืง ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืขืœ ืจื’ืœื™ื• ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืจื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื ืืกืคื™ื ืืœื™ื•.

ืžืฆื•ื“ืช ื“ื•ื“, ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื ื›ื—:ื‘

(ืžืœื›ื™ื ื ื:ื) ื•ื”ืžืœืš ื“ื•ื“ ื–ืงืŸ ื‘ื ื‘ื™ืžื™ื: ื–ื” ืฉืืžืจ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ (ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ืž:ืœื) ื•ึฐืงื•ึนื™ึต ื”ืณ ื™ึทื—ึฒืœึดื™ืคื•ึผ ื›ึนื—ึท. ืืžืจื• ืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื• ืฉืœืฉ ืขืฉืจื” ืฉื ื™ื ืขืฉื” ื“ื•ื“ ื—ื•ืœื” ื•ืžื•ื˜ืœ ื‘ืžื˜ื”, ื•ืฉื‘ืขื” ื›ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืžื—ืœื™ืคื™ื ืžืชื—ืชื™ื• ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ืโ€ฆืืœื• ืฉืœืฉ ืขืฉืจื” ืฉื ื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžืชื™ืกืจ, ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืฉืขืฉื” ืื•ืชื• ืžืขืฉื”, ื•ื›ืœ ืฉื•ื ืื™ื• ื”ื™ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืื™ืžืชื™ ื”ื•ื ืžืช ื–ื” ืฉื ืืžืจ (ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืžื:ื•) ืื•ึนื™ึฐื‘ึทื™ ื™ึนืืžึฐืจื•ึผ ืจึทืข ืœึดื™ ืžึธืชึทื™ ื™ึธืžื•ึผืช ื•ึฐืึธื‘ึทื“ ืฉืึฐืžื•ึนโ€ฆ

ืื’ื“ืช ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืœื—:ื

Thirteen years before would be when David was 57. In my chronology that is the year that Avshalom decides that his father is incapable of meting out justice for the rape of Tamar and has Amnon murdered. This was when the consequences of ืื•ืชื• ืžืขืฉื”, the Batsheva affair, started to come to a head. David becomes literally and figuratively weaker and weaker. But at this moment, in front of all the leaders of the people, he prays for strength:

ืขื“ ืฉื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืจื—ืžื™ื ืžืœืคื ื™ ื”ืงื‘ืดื”, ื•ืืžืจ ืœืคื ื™ื•: ืจื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื”ืขืžื™ื“ื ื™ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ืฉืžืกืจ ืœื™ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื”ื ื‘ื™ืโ€ฆืฉืืขืžื•ื“ ืžืŸ ื”ืžื˜ื” ื”ื–ื” ื•ืืฉืœื™ื ืœื”ื ืžื’ื™ืœืช ื‘ื ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉโ€ฆืžื™ื“ ืฉืžืข ื”ืงื‘ืดื” ืืช ืชืคื™ืœืชื• ื•ืขืžื“ ืžืŸ ื”ืžื˜ื”, ืฉื ืืžืจ โ€ื•ื™ืงื ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืžืœืš ืขืœ ืจื’ืœื™ื•โ€œโ€ฆื•ืžื”ื• โ€ืขืœ ืจื’ืœื™ื•โ€œ? ืืœื ืฉื ืจืคื ื•ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ืขืžื“ ื‘ืจื’ืœื™ื• ืžืื—ืจ ื›ืœ ืื•ืชืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™ืโ€ฆืœืคื™ื›ืš ื ืืžืจ ื•ึฐืงื•ึนื™ึต ื”ืณ ื™ึทื—ึฒืœึดื™ืคื•ึผ ื›ึนื—ึท.

ืื’ื“ืช ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืœื—:ื

He then summarizes the reason that he did not build the ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ. Weโ€™ve looked at those reasons many times.

ื’ ื•ื”ืืœืงื™ื ืืžืจ ืœื™ ืœื ืชื‘ื ื” ื‘ื™ืช ืœืฉืžื™; ื›ื™ ืื™ืฉ ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ืืชื” ื•ื“ืžื™ื ืฉืคื›ืชืƒ ื“ ื•ื™ื‘ื—ืจ ื”ืณ ืืœืงื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื™ ืžื›ืœ ื‘ื™ืช ืื‘ื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœืžืœืš ืขืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืขื•ืœื ื›ื™ ื‘ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื—ืจ ืœื ื’ื™ื“ ื•ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื™ืช ืื‘ื™; ื•ื‘ื‘ื ื™ ืื‘ื™ ื‘ื™ ืจืฆื” ืœื”ืžืœื™ืš ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœืƒ ื” ื•ืžื›ืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื›ื™ ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ื ื™ื ื ืชืŸ ืœื™ ื”ืณ; ื•ื™ื‘ื—ืจ ื‘ืฉืœืžื” ื‘ื ื™ ืœืฉื‘ืช ืขืœ ื›ืกื ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื”ืณ ืขืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœืƒ ื• ื•ื™ืืžืจ ืœื™ ืฉืœืžื” ื‘ื ืš ื”ื•ื ื™ื‘ื ื” ื‘ื™ืชื™ ื•ื—ืฆืจื•ืชื™; ื›ื™ ื‘ื—ืจืชื™ ื‘ื• ืœื™ ืœื‘ืŸ ื•ืื ื™ ืื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืœืื‘ืƒ ื– ื•ื”ื›ื™ื ื•ืชื™ ืืช ืžืœื›ื•ืชื• ืขื“ ืœืขื•ืœื; ืื ื™ื—ื–ืง ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืฆื•ืชื™ ื•ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ื›ื™ื•ื ื”ื–ื”ืƒ ื— ื•ืขืชื” ืœืขื™ื ื™ ื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืงื”ืœ ื”ืณ ื•ื‘ืื–ื ื™ ืืœืงื™ื ื• ืฉืžืจื• ื•ื“ืจืฉื• ื›ืœ ืžืฆื•ืช ื”ืณ ืืœืงื™ื›ื ืœืžืขืŸ ืชื™ืจืฉื• ืืช ื”ืืจืฅ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื•ื”ื ื—ืœืชื ืœื‘ื ื™ื›ื ืื—ืจื™ื›ื ืขื“ ืขื•ืœืืƒ ื˜ ื•ืืชื” ืฉืœืžื” ื‘ื ื™ ื“ืข ืืช ืืœืงื™ ืื‘ื™ืš ื•ืขื‘ื“ื”ื• ื‘ืœื‘ ืฉืœื ื•ื‘ื ืคืฉ ื—ึฒืคึตืฆึธื” ื›ื™ ื›ืœ ืœื‘ื‘ื•ืช ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื”ืณ ื•ื›ืœ ื™ืฆืจ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืžื‘ื™ืŸ; ืื ืชื“ืจืฉื ื• ื™ืžืฆื ืœืš ื•ืื ืชืขื–ื‘ื ื• ื™ื–ื ื™ื—ืš ืœืขื“ืƒ ื™ ืจืื” ืขืชื” ื›ื™ ื”ืณ ื‘ื—ืจ ื‘ืš ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืช ืœืžืงื“ืฉ ื—ื–ืง ื•ืขืฉื”ืƒ

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื ืคืจืง ื›ื—

Note that David calls this temple the ๏ฌฑึท๏ฌืช ืœึท๏ฌพึดืงึฐ๏ฌณึธ๏ฌช. There is no place in ืชื ืดืš where it called ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ; that is a much later term. This is as close as it gets.

ืœืžืงื“ืฉ: ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื• ืœืžืงื“ืฉ.

ืžืฆื•ื“ืช ื“ื•ื“, ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื ื›ื—:ื™

When it is destroyed, it is called ื‘ื™ืช ืžืงื“ืฉื:

ื™ื– ื•ื™ืขืœ ืขืœื™ื”ื ืืช ืžืœืš ื›ืฉื“ื™ื ื•ื™ื”ืจื’ ื‘ื—ื•ืจื™ื”ื ื‘ื—ืจื‘ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืžืงื“ืฉื ื•ืœื ื—ืžืœ ืขืœ ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื•ื‘ืชื•ืœื” ื–ืงืŸ ื•ื™ืฉืฉ; ื”ื›ืœ ื ืชืŸ ื‘ื™ื“ื•ืƒ ื™ื— ื•ื›ืœ ื›ืœื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืืœืงื™ื ื”ื’ื“ืœื™ื ื•ื”ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื•ืืฆืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืณ ื•ืืฆืจื•ืช ื”ืžืœืš ื•ืฉืจื™ื• ื”ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื‘ืœืƒ ื™ื˜ ื•ื™ืฉืจืคื• ืืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืืœืงื™ื ื•ื™ื ืชืฆื• ืืช ื—ื•ืžืช ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื; ื•ื›ืœ ืืจืžื ื•ืชื™ื” ืฉืจืคื• ื‘ืืฉ ื•ื›ืœ ื›ืœื™ ืžื—ืžื“ื™ื” ืœื”ืฉื—ื™ืชืƒ

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ ืคืจืง ืœื•

ืžึดืงึฐ๏ฌณึธ๏ฌช is in the ืคึผึดืขึตืœ, โ€œthat which is sanctifiedโ€. The building is not holy; holiness comes from what happens in it. The first time the word is used is in ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื™ื:

ืชื‘ืืžื• ื•ืชื˜ืขืžื• ื‘ื”ืจ ื ื—ืœืชืš
ืžื›ื•ืŸ ืœืฉื‘ืชืš ืคืขืœืช ื”ืณ;
ืžึดืงึผึฐื“ึธืฉื ืื“ื ึพื™ ื›ื•ื ื ื• ื™ื“ื™ืšืƒ

ืฉืžื•ืช ื˜ื•:ื™ื–

ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ืจ ืงืคืจื: ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืžืขืฉื” ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžืขืฉื” ืฉืžื™ื ื•ืืจืฅ, ื“ืื™ืœื• ื‘ืžืขืฉื” ืฉืžื™ื ื•ืืจืฅ ื›ืชื™ื‘ (ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื• ืžื—:ื™ื’): ืึทืฃ ื™ึธื“ึดื™ ื™ึธืกึฐื“ึธื” ืึถืจึถืฅ ื•ึดื™ืžึดื™ื ึดื™ ื˜ึดืคึผึฐื—ึธื” ืฉืึธืžึธื™ึดื, ื•ืืœื• ื‘ืžืขืฉื” ื™ื“ื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ื›ืชื™ื‘: ืžึธื›ื•ึนืŸ ืœึฐืฉืึดื‘ึฐืชึผึฐืšึธ ืคึผึธืขึทืœึฐืชึผึธ ื”ืณ ืžึดืงึผึฐื“ึธืฉื ืึฒื“ึนื ึธึพื™ ื›ึผื•ึนื ึฐื ื•ึผ ื™ึธื“ึถื™ืšึธ.

ื›ืชื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”,ื

ื•ืžื” ืฉืงืจืื• ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ โ€ืžืขืฉื” ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ืโ€œ ื•ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืื•ืžืจ โ€ื›ื•ื ื ื• ื™ื“ื™ืšโ€œ ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืงื‘ืดื”, ืœืคื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืฉื ื™ื”ื ื—ืœืง ื‘ื–ื” ื”ื‘ื ื™ืŸ, ื›ื™ ื”ืงื‘ืดื” ื”ืจืื” ืœืžืฉื” ืชื‘ื ื™ืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉื›ืŸ ื‘ื ื•ื™ ื•ื›ืžืดืฉ ื›ืŸ ืขืฉื” ื”ืžื ื•ืจื” ื”ืงื‘ืดื” ืขืฉืื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ื›ืœ ืžืขืฉื” ื”ืžืฉื›ืŸ.

ื›ืœื™ ื™ืงืจ, ืฉืžื•ืช ื˜ื•:ื™ื–

The key is that it is the ืžืขืฉื” ื™ื“ื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื, the actions of the righteous, that are the ืžึดืงึฐ๏ฌณึธ๏ฌช, that which is sanctified. The ื‘ื™ืช that represents them is made by the partnership of ื”ืงื‘ืดื” and human beings. David starts by describing this ื‘ื™ืช ืžื ื•ื—ื” ืœืืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ืณ as a ื”ื“ื ืจื’ืœื™ ืืœืงื™ื ื•, which has a very specific meaning in the symbolism of ืชื ืดืš. The following is taken from ืคืจืฉืช ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ืชืฉืคืดื’:

The whole earth is called ื”ืณ's โ€œfootstoolโ€:

ื›ื” ืืžืจ ื”ืณ ื”ืฉืžื™ื ื›ืกืื™ ื•ื”ืืจืฅ ื”ื“ื ืจื’ืœื™; ืื™ ื–ื” ื‘ื™ืช ืืฉืจ ืชื‘ื ื• ืœื™ ื•ืื™ ื–ื” ืžืงื•ื ืžื ื•ื—ืชื™ืƒ

ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื• ืกื•:ื

But the first time we see ื”ืณ's โ€œfootstoolโ€ is a very odd experience that was part of ืžืขืžื“ ื”ืจ ืกื™ื ื™:

ื ื•ืืœ ืžืฉื” ืืžืจ ืขืœื” ืืœ ื”ืณ ืืชื” ื•ืื”ืจืŸ ื ื“ื‘ ื•ืื‘ื™ื”ื•ื ื•ืฉื‘ืขื™ื ืžื–ืงื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ; ื•ื”ืฉืชื—ื•ื™ืชื ืžืจื—ืงืƒ ื‘ ื•ื ื’ืฉ ืžืฉื” ืœื‘ื“ื• ืืœ ื”ืณ ื•ื”ื ืœื ื™ื’ืฉื•; ื•ื”ืขื ืœื ื™ืขืœื• ืขืžื•ืƒโ€ฆื˜ ื•ื™ืขืœ ืžืฉื” ื•ืื”ืจืŸ ื ื“ื‘ ื•ืื‘ื™ื”ื•ื ื•ืฉื‘ืขื™ื ืžื–ืงื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœืƒ ื™ ื•ื™ืจืื• ืืช ืืœืงื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ; ื•ืชื—ืช ืจื’ืœื™ื• ื›ืžืขืฉื” ืœื‘ื ืช ื”ืกืคื™ืจ ื•ื›ืขืฆื ื”ืฉืžื™ื ืœื˜ื”ืจืƒ

ืฉืžื•ืช ืคืจืง ื›ื“

Now, we are not corporealists, so we will not take ื•ื™ืจืื• ืืช ืืœืงื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ; ื•ืชื—ืช ืจื’ืœื™ื• ื›ืžืขืฉื” ืœื‘ื ืช ื”ืกืคื™ืจ literally. If you do, I will send Oona the bugbear of metaphor writers after you.

word pictures are not real

The Order of the Stick, Two Villages

This whole โ€œvisionโ€ is the human brain trying to interpret an ineffable experience, translating it into mundane symbols. This vision is very similar to Yechezkelโ€™s:

ื ื•ื™ื”ื™ ื‘ืฉืœืฉื™ื ืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ ื‘ื—ืžืฉื” ืœื—ื“ืฉ ื•ืื ื™ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื’ื•ืœื” ืขืœ ื ื”ืจ ื›ื‘ืจ; ื ืคืชื—ื• ื”ืฉืžื™ื ื•ืืจืื” ืžืจืื•ืช ืืœืงื™ืืƒโ€ฆื›ื‘ ื•ื“ืžื•ืช ืขืœ ืจืืฉื™ ื”ื—ื™ื” ืจืงื™ืข ื›ืขื™ืŸ ื”ืงืจื— ื”ื ื•ืจื ื ื˜ื•ื™ ืขืœ ืจืืฉื™ื”ื ืžืœืžืขืœื”ืƒ ื›ื•โ€ฆื•ืžืžืขืœ ืœืจืงื™ืข ืืฉืจ ืขืœ ืจืืฉื ื›ืžืจืื” ืื‘ืŸ ืกืคื™ืจ ื“ืžื•ืช ื›ืกื; ื•ืขืœ ื“ืžื•ืช ื”ื›ืกื ื“ืžื•ืช ื›ืžืจืื” ืื“ื ืขืœื™ื• ืžืœืžืขืœื”ืƒโ€ฆื›ื— ื›ืžืจืื” ื”ืงืฉืช ืืฉืจ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขื ืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื’ืฉื ื›ืŸ ืžืจืื” ื”ื ื’ื” ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ื•ื ืžืจืื” ื“ืžื•ืช ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืณ; ื•ืืจืื” ื•ืืคืœ ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื•ืืฉืžืข ืงื•ืœ ืžื“ื‘ืจืƒ

ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ืคืจืง ื

The image is of G-d on a throne. But there are important differences between the two metaphors. ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ only sees the ื›ืžืจืื” ืื“ื through the ืงืจื— ื”ื ื•ืจื; the ื–ืงื ื™ื are โ€œcloserโ€; ื•ื™ื—ื–ื• ืืช ื”ืืœืงื™ื.โ€Ž ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ sees the ืกืคื™ืจ as an ืื‘ืŸ ืกืคื™ืจ, a rock, while the ื–ืงื ื™ื see it as ืœื‘ื ืช ื”ืกืคื™ืจ, a brick. And ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ sees the ื›ืกื, while the ื–ืงื ื™ื see ืชื—ืช ืจื’ืœื™ื•, the footstool.

ื•ืจืื” ืืช ื”ื›ืกื ื›ืžืจืื” ืื‘ืŸ ืกืคื™ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœืงื‘ืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืžืจืื•ืช, ื•ื“ืจืš ืกืคื™ืจื™ื™ืช ืขื•ืœื ื”ื›ืกื ื”ืฉื™ื’ ื•ื—ื–ื” ื”ืฉืคืข ื”ื™ื•ืจื“ืช ืžื”ืืœืงื•ืช ืืฉืจ ื‘ืืฆื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉื‘ืขื” ื’ื•ื•ื ื™ ื”ืงืฉืช ื›ืžื” ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘ โ€ื›ืžืจืื” ื”ืงืฉืช ืืฉืจ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขื ืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื’ืฉื ื•ื’ื•ืณโ€œ, ื•ื ืงืจื ืื‘ืŸ ืกืคื™ืจ ืขืœ ืฉื ื”ืกืคื™ืจื™ื™ืช ื•ืขืœ ืฉื ืฉืžื•ืฉืš ื”ื›ื— ืžื”ืกืคื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืœืžืขืœื”.

ืžืœื‘ื™ืดื, ืฉืžื•ืช ื›ื“:ื™

(Though I think the etymology is backward; ืกืคื™ืจื•ืช in later kabbalah is taken from the ืกืคื™ืจ here).

ืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ืขืกืง ื‘ื ืกืชืจื™ื, but we can put the word pictures together, for making understanding. The ื›ืกื ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“, also called the ืžืจื›ื‘ื”, represents the manifestation of ื”ืงื‘ืดื” in the world of creation. ื”ืณ, as it were, โ€œsitsโ€ here.

The primary meaning of the Hebrew yashab is โ€œhe was seatedโ€ [but] the term was applied to everything that is permanent and unchangingโ€ฆWhen applied to G-d, the verb is to be taken in that latter sense: (ืื™ื›ื” ื”:ื™ื˜)โ€Ž ืึทืชึผึธื” ื”ืณ ืœึฐืขื•ึนืœึธื ืชึผึตืฉืึตื‘โ€ฆ

Guide for the Perplexed I:11, Friedlander translation

That ื›ืกื is made of ืกืคื™ืจ, that refracts the light of creation into a spectrum called the ืกืคื™ืจื•ืช, the manifold ways that ื”ืณ manifests in the world. But the ื›ืกื has two parts: the โ€œthroneโ€ itself, and the ื”ื“ื ืจื’ืœื™ื•, the โ€œfootstoolโ€, the ื”ืืจืฅ. Its ืกืคื™ืจ is different from that of the ื›ืกื.

ื›ืžืขืฉื” ืœื‘ื ืช ื”ืกืคื™ืจ: ื•ื”ื•ื ืขืฆืžื• ืžื” ืฉืจืื” ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ โ€ื›ืžืจืื” ืื‘ืŸ ืกืคื™ืจ ื“ืžื•ืช ื›ืกืโ€œ, ืจืง ืฉื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ืจืื” ื›ืžืจืื” ืื‘ืŸ ื•ื”ื ืจืื• ื›ืžืขืฉื” ืœื‘ื ืช, ืฉื™ืฉ ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื‘ืŸ ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืœื‘ื ื”, ืฉื”ืื‘ืŸ ืžืชื”ื•ื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืข ืœื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืขืฉื” ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื, ื•ื”ืœื‘ื ื” ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ืจื•ืžืกื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจโ€ฆื‘ืขืช ืฉืจืื• ื”ื–ืงื ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืจื›ื‘ื”, ืื– ื”ื™ืชื” ื”ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ื ืกื™ื™ ืฉื•ืคืขืช ืžืขื•ืœื ื”ื›ืกื ืœืคื™ ืžืขืฉื” ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื•ืฆื“ืงืชื, ืœื›ืŸ ืจืื• ืœื‘ื ืช ื”ืกืคื™ืจ ืฉื”ืœื‘ื ื” ื ืขืฉื” ืขืดื™ ื‘ืดื.

ืžืœื‘ื™ืดื, ืฉืžื•ืช ื›ื“:ื™

The ืกืคื™ืจื•ืช on earth is ื”ืณ's manifestation through our behavior.

ืื‘ื ืฉืื•ืœ ืื•ืžืจ: โ€ื•ืื ื•ื”ื•โ€œโ€”ื”ื•ื™ ื“ื•ืžื” ืœื•. ืžื” ื”ื•ื ื—ื ื•ืŸ ื•ืจื—ื•ืโ€”ืืฃ ืืชื” ื”ื™ื” ื—ื ื•ืŸ ื•ืจื—ื•ื.

ืฉื‘ืช ืงืœื’,ื‘

The ื›ืกื ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ is is the prism through which the ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืณ is refracted into the world, in all the manifestations we call the ืกืคื™ืจื•ืช:โ€Ž ื—ืกื“,โ€Ž ื“ื™ืŸ, etc. But there are two parts: the ืื‘ืŸ that is ื”ืฉืžื™ื ื›ืกืื™, the โ€œnaturalโ€ world; and the ืœื‘ื ืช ื”ืกืคื™ืจ that is ื”ืืจืฅ ื”ื“ื ืจื’ืœื™ that is created by human actions, ืœืคื™ ืžืขืฉื” ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื•ืฆื“ืงืชื. David is saying that the ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ should be the ultimate form of ื”ื“ื ืจื’ืœื™ ืืœืงื™ื ื•, symbolizing the purpose of human beings on earth.


And then David formally gives the plans for the ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ to Shlomo.

ื™ื ื•ื™ืชืŸ ื“ื•ื™ื“ ืœืฉืœืžื” ื‘ื ื• ืืช ืชื‘ื ื™ืช ื”ืื•ืœื ื•ืืช ื‘ืชื™ื• ื•ื’ื ื–ื›ื™ื• ื•ืขืœื™ืชื™ื• ื•ื—ื“ืจื™ื• ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ืคืจืชืƒ ื™ื‘ ื•ืชื‘ื ื™ืช ื›ืœ ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืจื•ื— ืขืžื• ืœื—ืฆืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืณ ื•ืœื›ืœ ื”ืœืฉื›ื•ืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืœืืฆืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืืœืงื™ื ื•ืœืืฆืจื•ืช ื”ืงื“ืฉื™ืืƒ ื™ื’ ื•ืœืžื—ืœืงื•ืช ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื ื•ื”ืœื•ื™ื ื•ืœื›ืœ ืžืœืื›ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืณ; ื•ืœื›ืœ ื›ืœื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืณืƒ ื™ื“ ืœื–ื”ื‘ ื‘ืžืฉืงืœ ืœื–ื”ื‘ ืœื›ืœ ื›ืœื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”; ืœื›ืœ ื›ืœื™ ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื‘ืžืฉืงืœ ืœื›ืœ ื›ืœื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”ืƒ ื˜ื• ื•ืžืฉืงืœ ืœืžื ืจื•ืช ื”ื–ื”ื‘ ื•ื ืจืชื™ื”ื ื–ื”ื‘ ื‘ืžืฉืงืœ ืžื ื•ืจื” ื•ืžื ื•ืจื” ื•ื ืจืชื™ื”; ื•ืœืžื ืจื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื‘ืžืฉืงืœ ืœืžื ื•ืจื” ื•ื ืจืชื™ื” ื›ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ืžื ื•ืจื” ื•ืžื ื•ืจื”ืƒ ื˜ื– ื•ืืช ื”ื–ื”ื‘ ืžืฉืงืœ ืœืฉืœื—ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืœืฉืœื—ืŸ ื•ืฉืœื—ืŸ; ื•ื›ืกืฃ ืœืฉืœื—ื ื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืฃืƒ ื™ื– ื•ื”ืžื–ืœื’ื•ืช ื•ื”ืžื–ืจืงื•ืช ื•ื”ืงืฉื•ืช ื–ื”ื‘ ื˜ื”ื•ืจ; ื•ืœื›ืคื•ืจื™ ื”ื–ื”ื‘ ื‘ืžืฉืงืœ ืœื›ืคื•ืจ ื•ื›ืคื•ืจ ื•ืœื›ืคื•ืจื™ ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื‘ืžืฉืงืœ ืœื›ืคื•ืจ ื•ื›ืคื•ืจืƒ ื™ื— ื•ืœืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ืงื˜ืจืช ื–ื”ื‘ ืžื–ืงืง ื‘ืžืฉืงืœ; ื•ืœืชื‘ื ื™ืช ื”ืžืจื›ื‘ื” ื”ื›ืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื–ื”ื‘ ืœืคืจืฉื™ื ื•ืกื›ื›ื™ื ืขืœ ืืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ืณืƒ ื™ื˜ ื”ื›ืœ ื‘ื›ืชื‘ ืžื™ื“ ื”ืณ ืขืœื™ ื”ืฉื›ื™ืœ ื›ืœ ืžืœืื›ื•ืช ื”ืชื‘ื ื™ืชืƒ

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื ืคืจืง ื›ื—

This is the only place in ืชื ืดืš where the ื›ืจื•ื‘ื™ื that cover the ืืจื•ืŸ are called ื”ืžืจื›ื‘ื”, and it is where we get the expression ืžืขืฉื” ืžืจื›ื‘ื” for the prophetic vision of ื”ืณ's throne. David even calls the ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืงื“ืฉื™ื, the ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ืคืจืช. The ื›ืจื•ื‘ื™ื here are the focus of the ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ. The entire purpose of all this construction is to create a place for the manifestation of the ืฉื›ื™ื ื” on earth. We have talked many times about the ื›ืจื•ื‘ื™ื, and how they symbolize ื›ื ืกืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ, who carry the ืฉื›ื™ื ื” in the world. But a โ€œืžืจื›ื‘ื”โ€ is different from a ื›ืกื. A chair stays put. A chariot is mobile. Yechezkel sees it leaving the ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ for exile, but even when the ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ stood, the sense of the ืฉื›ื™ื ื” wasnโ€™t supposed to stay there. Our role is to carry the ืฉื›ื™ื ื” out into the whole world. Only when ื›ื ืกืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ was ready to assume that role could the ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ be built.

ื™ื“ ื•ื”ื‘ืืช ืืช ื”ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื˜ื‘ืขืช ืขืœ ืฆืœืขืช ื”ืืจืŸ ืœืฉืืช ืืช ื”ืืจืŸ ื‘ื”ืืƒ ื˜ื• ื‘ื˜ื‘ืขืช ื”ืืจืŸ ื™ื”ื™ื• ื”ื‘ื“ื™ื; ืœื ื™ืกืจื• ืžืžื ื•ืƒ

ืฉืžื•ืช ืคืจืง ื›ื”

ืœื ื™ืกืจื• ืžืžื ื•: ืœืขื•ืœื.

ืจืฉืดื™, ืฉืžื•ืช ื›ื”:ื˜ื•

The ื‘ื“ื™ื, the means of carrying the Ark, symbolically represent the command and the mission to carry the Ark and its contentsโ€ฆThe command that these means of transport may never be lacking is to emphasize in our minds the fact thatโ€ฆthis Torah and its mission is in no way bound or confined to the place or existence at any time of the Temple and Sanctuary.

Hirsch Chumash, Exodus XXV:15

As we said above, ื›ื” ืืžืจ ื”ืณโ€ฆื”ืืจืฅ ื”ื“ื ืจื’ืœื™. The ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ as ืœื”ื“ื ืจื’ืœื™ ืืœืงื™ื ื• is only a symbol, a synecdoche, of that.

recliner with wheels

original from The Lazy Go

These plans were described as ื‘ื›ืชื‘ ืžื™ื“ ื”ืณ ืขืœื™ ื”ืฉื›ื™ืœ. The ื—ื–ืดืœ say there was some actual scroll that was handed down:

ืจื‘ื™ ื™ืจืžื™ื” ื‘ืฉื ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื‘ืจ ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง: ืžื’ืœืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ืฉืžืกืจ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ืœืžืฉื” ื‘ืขืžื™ื“ื”, ื”ื“ื ื”ื•ื ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”:ื›ื—) ื•ึฐืึทืชึผึธื” ืคึผึนื” ืขึฒืžึนื“ ืขึดืžึผึธื“ึดื™. ืขืžื“ ืžืฉื” ื•ืžืกืจื” ืœื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื‘ืขืžื™ื“ื”, ื”ื“ื ื”ื•ื ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื:ื™ื“) ืงึฐืจึธื ืึถืช ื™ึฐื”ื•ึนืฉืึปืขึท ื•ึฐื”ึดืชึฐื™ึทืฆึผึฐื‘ื•ึผ ื•ื’ื•ืณ. ืขืžื“ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ืžืกืจื” ืœื–ืงื ื™ื ื‘ืขืžื™ื“ื”, ื”ื“ื ื”ื•ื ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ (ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื›ื“:ื) ื•ึทื™ึผึถืึฑืกึนืฃ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึนืฉืึปืขึท ืึถืชึพื›ึผื‡ืœึพืฉืึดื‘ึฐื˜ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืฉืึฐื›ึถืžึธื”โ€ฆื•ึทื™ึผึดืชึฐื™ึทืฆึผึฐื‘ื•ึผ ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ื”ึธืึฑืœึนืงึดื™ื. ืขืžื“ื• ื–ืงื ื™ื ื•ืžืกืจื•ื” ืœื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ื‘ืขืžื™ื“ื”, ื”ื“ื ื”ื•ื ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ (ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื ื™ื‘:ื–) ื•ึฐืขึทืชึผึธื” ื”ึดืชึฐื™ึทืฆึผึฐื‘ื•ึผ ื•ื’ื•ืณ, ืขืžื“ื• ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ื•ืžืกืจื•ื” ืœื“ื•ื“ ื‘ืขืžื™ื“ื” ื•ืœื™ืช ืœื” ืงืจื™ื”, ืขืžื“ ื“ื•ื“ ื•ืžืกืจื” ืœืฉืœืžื” ื‘ื ื• ื‘ืขืžื™ื“ื”.

ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื˜ื•:ื’

But it wasnโ€™t a simple set of blueprints. Whatever tradition and documentation they had, it still needed ืจื•ื— ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ, Divine inspiration, and ื“ืจืฉื”, human interpretation, to create workable plans:

ืจื‘ื™ ื™ืจืžื™ื” ื‘ืฉื ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื‘ืจ ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง: ืžื’ื™ืœื” ืฉืžืกืจ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืœื“ื•ื“ ื ื™ืชื ื” ืœื”ื™ื“ืจืฉ. ืžื” ื˜ืขื? ื”ึทื›ึผึนืœ ื‘ึผึดื›ึฐืชึธื‘: ื–ื• ื”ืžืกื•ืจืช; ืžึดื™ึผึทื“ ื”ืณ: ื–ื• ืจื•ื— ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ; ืขึธืœึทื™ ื”ึดืฉื‚ึฐื›ึผึดื™ืœ: ืžื™ื›ืŸ ืฉื ื™ืชื ื” ืœื”ื™ื“ืจืฉ.

ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื:ื

So Shmuel was the ื ื‘ื™ื of the planning of the ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ.

ื›ืœื ื”ื‘ืจื•ืจื™ื ืœืฉืขืจื™ื ื‘ืกืคื™ื ืžืืชื™ื ื•ืฉื ื™ื ืขืฉืจ; ื”ืžื” ื‘ื—ืฆืจื™ื”ื ื”ืชื™ื—ืฉื ื”ืžื” ื™ืกื“ ื“ื•ื™ื“ ื•ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื”ืจืื” ื‘ืืžื•ื ืชืืƒ

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื ื˜:ื›ื‘

Now, Shmuel had died long before this story. David meets Shmuel only twice; the first time is when Shmuel anoints him, but Shmuel doesnโ€™t talk to him then. The second time is while David is on the run from Shaul:

ื•ื“ื•ื“ ื‘ืจื— ื•ื™ืžืœื˜ ื•ื™ื‘ื ืืœ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื”ืจืžืชื” ื•ื™ื’ื“ ืœื• ืืช ื›ืœ ืืฉืจ ืขืฉื” ืœื• ืฉืื•ืœ; ื•ื™ืœืš ื”ื•ื ื•ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื•ื™ืฉื‘ื• ื‘ื ื•ื™ืช (ื‘ื ื™ื•ืช)ืƒ

ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื ื™ื˜:ื™ื—

ื“ืจืฉ ืจื‘ื: ืžืื™ ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ โ€ื•ื™ืœืš ื“ื•ื“ ื•ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื•ื™ืฉื‘ื• ื‘ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืจืžื”โ€œ? ื•ื›ื™ ืžื” ืขื ื™ืŸ ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืืฆืœ ืจืžื”? ืืœื ืฉื”ื™ื• ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจืžื”, ื•ืขื•ืกืงื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื•ื™ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ืืžืจื™, ื›ืชื™ื‘ (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื™ื–:ื—) ื•ึฐืงึทืžึฐืชึผึธ ื•ึฐืขึธืœึดื™ืชึธ ืึถืœ ื”ึทืžึผึธืงื•ึนื [ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื™ึดื‘ึฐื—ึทืจ ื”ืณ ืึฑืœึนืงึถื™ืšึธ ื‘ึผื•ึน]โ€ฆ

ื–ื‘ื—ื™ื ื ื“,ื‘

ื•ื“ื•ื“ ื‘ืจื— ื•ื™ืžืœื˜ ื•ื™ื‘ื ืืœ ืฉืžื•ืืœ: ืจืณ ื”ื•ื ื ื‘ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืกื™ ืืžืจ: ืื•ืชื” ื”ืœื™ืœื” ืฉื‘ืจื— ื“ื•ื“ ืžืœืคื ื™ ืฉืื•ืœ, ืœืžื“ ืžืฉืžื•ืืœ ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ืžื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื•ืชื™ืง ืœื•ืžื“ ื‘ืžืื” ืฉื ื”.

ื™ืœืงื•ื˜ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื, ืจืžื– ืงื›ื˜

So what was this ืžื’ืœืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ? Was there some divine document that wasnโ€™t mentioned anywhere else? And one that was ื ื™ืชื ื” ืœื”ื™ื“ืจืฉ, that warranted โ€œืžื“ืจืฉโ€. I think that the ืžื’ืœืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ was in fact the Torah itself, given to Moshe and passed down in exactly the ืžืกื•ืจื” mentioned above:

ืžืฉื” ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืชื•ืจื” ืžืกื™ื ื™, ื•ืžืกืจื” ืœื™ื”ื•ืฉื•ืข, ื•ื™ื”ื•ืฉื•ืข ืœื–ืงื ื™ื, ื•ื–ืงื ื™ื ืœื ื‘ื™ืื™ืโ€ฆ

ืžืฉื ื” ืื‘ื•ืช ื:ื

And the Torah has a long description (half of ืกืคืจ ืฉืžื•ืช) describing how to build the ืžืงื“ืฉ in exacting detail. But that brings up a problem that we have mentioned before in Psak Hop. The Torah seems to imply that the future ืžืงื“ืฉ should be like the very explicit description of the ืžืฉื›ืŸ:

ื›ื›ืœ ืืฉืจ ืื ื™ ืžืจืื” ืื•ืชืš ืืช ืชื‘ื ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉื›ืŸ ื•ืืช ืชื‘ื ื™ืช ื›ืœ ื›ืœื™ื•; ื•ื›ืŸ ืชืขืฉื•ืƒ

ืฉืžื•ืช ื›ื”:ื˜

ื•ื›ืŸ ืชืขืฉื•: ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืช.

ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื˜ื•,ื

The gemara says that even putting salt on the ramp to the ืžื–ื‘ื—, to make it less slippery, is forbidden, since that wasnโ€™t part of the original instructions:

ืืžืจ ืœื™ื” ืจื‘ ืื—ื ื‘ืจื™ื” ื“ืจื‘ื ืœืจื‘ ืืฉื™: ื”ืื™ ืžืœื— ื”ื™ื›ื™ ื“ืžื™? ืื™ ื“ืžื‘ื˜ืœื™ื”โ€”ืงื ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ืื‘ื ื™ืŸ ื•ื›ืชื™ื‘: ื”ื›ืœ ื‘ื›ืชื‘ ืžื™ื“ ื”ืณโ€ฆ

ืขืจื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื“,ื

ืงื ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ืื‘ื ื™ืŸ: ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ื—ื•ืœ ืืกื•ืจ ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืขืœ ื”ืžื–ื‘ื— ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื”ื›ืœ ื‘ื›ืชื‘ ืžื™ื“ ื”ืณ ืขืœื™ ื”ืฉื›ื™ืœ ืฉื”ื‘ื ื™ืŸ ื ืžืกืจ ืœื“ื•ื“ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ืฉืœื ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื•ืฉืœื ืœื’ืจื•ืข.

ืจืฉืดื™, ืขืจื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื“,ื

So you canโ€™t change anything. But thatโ€™s clearly not true; the ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ as built by Shlomo was very different from the ืžืฉื›ืŸ, and the second ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ was different as well. And the implication of ืžึดื™ึผึทื“ ื”ืณ: ื–ื• ืจื•ื— ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ; and ืขึธืœึทื™ ื”ึดืฉื‚ึฐื›ึผึดื™ืœ: ืžื™ื›ืŸ ืฉื ื™ืชื ื” ืœื”ื™ื“ืจืฉ is that the plans are intended to change. The Chasam Sofer says there is a balance between the ืžืกื•ืจื” and the ื ื‘ื•ืื”:

ื›ื‘ืจ ื›ืชื‘ืชื™ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืื—ืจ ืฉื ืชืงืฉื™ืชื™ ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื‘ื ื™ื ื™ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉื•ืช, ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืฉื ื™ ื•ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื‘ืžื”ืจื” ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• ืฉืื™ืŸ ืืณ ื“ื•ืžื” ืœื—ื‘ื™ืจื•, ื•ื”ื›ืœ ื‘ื›ืชื‘ ืžื™ื“ ื”ืณ ืขืœื™ ื”ืฉื›ื™ืœ ื•ื›ื•ืณ ื•ืงืฉื” ืื™ืŸ ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ืจืฉืื™ ืœื—ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืžื“ืช ื—ืฆืจ ื”ืžืฉื›ืŸ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ. ื•ืฉื ืืžืจืชื™, ืฉื–ื”ื• ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ืคืกื•ืง ื‘ืคืณ ืชืจื•ืžื” (ื›ื”:ื˜) โ€ื›ื›ืœ ืืฉืจ ืื ื™ ืžืจืื” ืื•ืชืš ืืช ืชื‘ื ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉื›ืŸ ื•ืืช ืชื‘ื ื™ืช ื›ืœ ื›ืœื™ื• ื•ื›ืŸ ืชืขืฉื•โ€œ, ื•ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืŸ ืคืดื‘ ื“ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช (ื˜ื•,ื) โ€ื•ื›ืŸ ืชืขืฉื• ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืชโ€œ, ื•ืœืคืขืดื“ ืงืื™ ื’ื ืื›ื›ืœ ืืฉืจ ืื ื™ ืžืจืื” ืื•ืชืš ื›ืŸ ืชืขืฉื• ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืช, ืฉืœืขื•ืœื ืื ื™ ืžืจืื” ืืชื›ื ืชื‘ื ื™ืช ื”ื‘ื ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ื•ื, ื•ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืงื‘ืดื” ื”ืชื ื” ื‘ืชื—ืœื” ืฉื™ื‘ื ื” ื›ืืฉืจ ืื ื™ ืžืจืื” ืืดื› ืื™ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ืฉื—ื™ื“ืฉ ื”ื ื‘ื™ื.

ื—ืชื ืกื•ืคืจ, ืื•ืดื— ืกื™ืณ ืจืดื— ื“ืดื” ืขื“ ื›ืืŸ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจื‘ cited by ืืœื™ื”ื• ืงืจืงื•ื‘ืกืงื™, ื”ืื ื ื‘ื™ื ืจืฉืื™ ืœื—ื“ืฉ ืžืฆื•ื” ื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ: ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ื•ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืชื™ื• ื‘ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ืจืžื‘ืดื

ื ื‘ื•ืื”, the active participation of contemporary ืจื•ื— ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ, is an inherent part of building the ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ. Itโ€™s not just a scroll, a blueprint handed down over generations.

ื‘ืขื ื™ื ื™ ืžื–ื‘ื—, ื•ื ืจืื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ืขื ื™ื ื™ ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื•ื‘ื ื™ื ื•, ื”ื•ื ืžืกื•ืจ ืœื ื‘ื™ื ื’ื ืœื“ืจื•ืฉ ืžืžื ื• ืฉื™ื•ื“ื™ืข ืžืŸ ื”ืฉืžื™ื ื‘ื ื‘ื•ืื”, ื•ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื ื›ื ืก ื›ืœืœ ืœื”ื›ืœืœ ืฉืœ โ€ืืœื” ื”ืžืฆื•ืชโ€œ ืื™ืŸ ื ื‘ื™ื ืจืฉืื™ ืœื—ื“ืฉ ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืขืชื”, ื•ืœื ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืฉืœ โ€ืœื ื‘ืฉืžื™ื ื”ื™ืโ€œ.

ืฉื•ืดืช ืžืฉืคื˜ ื›ื”ืŸ ืœื”ืจืื™ืดื” ืงื•ืง (ืกื™ืณ ืฆืดื‘) cited by ืืœื™ื”ื• ืงืจืงื•ื‘ืกืงื™, ื”ืื ื ื‘ื™ื ืจืฉืื™ ืœื—ื“ืฉ ืžืฆื•ื” ื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ: ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ื•ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืชื™ื• ื‘ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ืจืžื‘ืดื

The laws of the ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ are different from all the other laws of the Torah, in that we donโ€™t say ืœื ื‘ืฉืžื™ื ื”ื™ื. Building the ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ requires an active partnership between human beings and ื”ืงื‘ืดื”.

And ืขึธืœึทื™ ื”ึดืฉื‚ึฐื›ึผึดื™ืœ: ืžื™ื›ืŸ ืฉื ื™ืชื ื” ืœื”ื™ื“ืจืฉ tells us that part of building the ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ is human understanding. We quoted the midrash that ืœืžื“ ืžืฉืžื•ืืœ ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ืžื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื•ืชื™ืง ืœื•ืžื“ ื‘ืžืื” ืฉื ื”. The expression ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื•ืชื™ืง has a specific meaning:

ืจื™ื‘ืดืœ ืืžืจ:โ€ฆืžืงืจื ืžืฉื ื” ืชืœืžื•ื“ ื•ืื’ื“ื” ืืคื™ืณ ืžื” ืฉืชืœืžื™ื“ ื•ืชื™ืง ืขืชื™ื“ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœืคื ื™ ืจื‘ื•, ื›ื‘ืจ ื ืืžืจ ืœืžืฉื” ื‘ืกื™ื ื™

ื•ื™ืงืจื ืจื‘ื” ืื—ืจื™ ืžื•ืช ื›ื‘:ื

ืืคื™ืœื• ืžื” ืฉืชืœืžื™ื“ ื•ืชื™ืง ืขืชื™ื“ ืœื—ื“ืฉ: ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืขื ื™ืŸโ€ฆื ื™ืชืŸ ื›ื— ืœื›ืœ ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื•ืชื™ืง ืœื—ื“ืฉ ื”ืœื›ื” ืขืดืค ื”ืžื“ื•ืช ื•ื”ืชืœืžื•ื“.

ื”ืขืžืง ื“ื‘ืจ, ืฉืžื•ืช ืœื“:ื

The ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ื of a ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื•ืชื™ืง are not really โ€œinnovationsโ€; they are inherent in the ืžืกื•ืจื” of the ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ื›ืชื‘ and ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ืขืœ ืคื”. They just need to be brought out in each generation. That is ืขืœื™ ื”ืฉื›ื™ืœ.

Everything in the ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ has to have a careful balance of ื”ึทื›ึผึนืœ ื‘ึผึดื›ึฐืชึธื‘: ื–ื• ื”ืžืกื•ืจืช; ืžึดื™ึผึทื“ ื”ืณ: ื–ื• ืจื•ื— ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ; ืขึธืœึทื™ ื”ึดืฉื‚ึฐื›ึผึดื™ืœ: ืžื™ื›ืŸ ืฉื ื™ืชื ื” ืœื”ื™ื“ืจืฉ; of ืžืกื•ืจื”, ื ื‘ื•ืื” and ืฉื›ืœ. As the Torah says multiple times in the description of the building of the ืžืฉื›ืŸ, everything was ื›ืืฉืจ ืฆื•ื” ื”ืณ ืืช ืžืฉื”. Building such a symbol of the ืฉื›ื™ื ื”, the immanence of G-d on earth, is a very dangerous thing. Itโ€™s too easy for it to turn into a form of ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื”.


And therefore David warns Shlomo: ื—ื–ืง ื•ืืžืฅ ื•ืขืฉื”.

ื› ื•ื™ืืžืจ ื“ื•ื™ื“ ืœืฉืœืžื” ื‘ื ื• ื—ื–ืง ื•ืืžืฅ ื•ืขืฉื” ืืœ ืชื™ืจื ื•ืืœ ืชื—ืช; ื›ื™ ื”ืณ ืืœืงื™ื ืืœืงื™ ืขืžืš ืœื ื™ืจืคืš ื•ืœื ื™ืขื–ื‘ืš ืขื“ ืœื›ืœื•ืช ื›ืœ ืžืœืื›ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืณืƒ ื›ื ื•ื”ื ื” ืžื—ืœืงื•ืช ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื ื•ื”ืœื•ื™ื ืœื›ืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืืœืงื™ื; ื•ืขืžืš ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืœืื›ื” ืœื›ืœ ื ื“ื™ื‘ ื‘ื—ื›ืžื” ืœื›ืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ื”ืฉืจื™ื ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืขื ืœื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ืšืƒ

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื ืคืจืง ื›ื—

We have a perek of ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื that I think expresses this sense of what the ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ is for.

ืœืžื ืฆื— ืขืœ ื ื’ื™ื ืช ืœื“ื•ื“ืƒ

ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืกื:ื

The title of the is perek is ืขืœ ื ึฐื’ึดื™ื ึทืช, not ื ึฐื’ึดื™ื ๏ญ‹ืช, which is more common. ื ึฐื’ึดื™ื ึทืช is a collective noun, โ€œon the concept of ื ื’ื™ื ื”โ€. David is dedicating this perek to the idea that he can sing to ื”ืณ.

ืœึทืžึฐื ึทืฆึผึตื—ึทโ€‰โ€‰ืขึทืœ ื ึฐื’ึดื™ื ึทืช: ืžื”ื• โ€ืขืœ ื ื’ื™ื ืชโ€œ? ืืœื ื ืฆื— ืœื• ืฉื”ื•ื ื ื•ืชืŸ ืงื™ืœื•ืก ื‘ืคื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ืœืงืœืกื•โ€ฆืจื‘ ืืžืจ: โ€ืžื•ื“ื™ื ืื ื—ื ื• ืœืšโ€œ; โ€ืขืœ ืฉืื ื• ืžื•ื“ื™ื ืœืšโ€œ.

ืคืกื™ืงืชื ืจื‘ืชื™ ื˜:ื

Because G-d has kindly granted me the privilege of praising Him with songs, I now dedicate a ื ืฆื—, an eternal tune, to His benevolence!

Artscroll Tehillim, 61:1

But I think ืœืžื ืฆื— has a different implication:

ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ืจ โ€ืœืžื ืฆื—โ€œ: ื ืฆื— ืœืžื™ ืฉื”ื ืฆื— ืฉืœื•. ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ืจ โ€ืœืžื ืฆื—โ€œ: ื ืฆื— ืœืžื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื ื•ืชืŸ ื”ื ืฆื— ืœื‘ื ื™ื•. ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ืจ โ€ืœืžื ืฆื—โ€œ: ื ืฆื— ืœืžื™ ืฉืžื‘ืงืฉ ืœื”ื™ื ืฆื— ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ.

ืคืกื™ืงืชื ืจื‘ืชื™ ื˜:ื

ืืฉื›ื—ื™ื” ืจื‘ื™ ื ืชืŸ ืœืืœื™ื”ื•. ืืดืœ ืžืื™ ืขื‘ื™ื“ ืงื•ื‘ืดื” ื‘ื”ื”ื™ื ืฉืขืชื? ืืดืœ: ืงื ื—ื™ื™ืš ื•ืืžืจ, ื ืฆื—ื•ื ื™ ื‘ื ื™, ื ืฆื—ื•ื ื™ ื‘ื ื™.

ื‘ื‘ื ืžืฆื™ืขื ื ื˜,ื‘

ื”ืณ wants, ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ, to be defeated by His children, when they use His rules to make their own decisions.

So a ื ึฐื’ึดื™ื ึทืช is a celebration that we have the privilege of participating in the Divine โ€œsongโ€ that is the entirety of creation.

ื‘ ืฉืžืขื” ืืœืงื™ื ืจื ืชื™; ื”ืงืฉื™ื‘ื” ืชืคืœืชื™ืƒ
ื’ ืžืงืฆื” ื”ืืจืฅ ืืœื™ืš ืืงืจื ื‘ืขื˜ืฃ ืœื‘ื™;
ื‘ืฆื•ืจ ื™ืจื•ื ืžืžื ื™ ืชื ื—ื ื™ืƒ

ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืคืจืง ืกื

Rashi says ืžืงืฆื” ื”ืืจืฅ indicates that this was written at the end of Davidโ€™s life, when he could not go out with his men any more:

ืžืงืฆื” ื”ืืจืฅ: ืืฃ ืขืดืค ืฉืื ื™ ืจื—ื•ืง ืžืื ืฉื™ ืฉืื ื™ ืžืฉืœื— ืขืœ ืื•ื™ื‘ื™ ืœืžืœื—ืžื”.

ืจืฉืดื™, ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืกื:ื’

If he can no longer fight, David sees himself enveloped in prayer:

ื‘ืขื˜ืฃ ืœื‘ื™: ืจื‘ื•ื™ ื”ืชืคืœื” ื‘ืฆืจื” ืชืงืจื ืขื˜ื™ืคื”.

ืจื“ืดืง, ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืกื:ื’

Which becomes a halacha that ืชืคื™ืœื” needs ืขื˜ื™ืคื”; we wrap ourselves in the ื˜ืœื™ืช as a symbol of this:

ื ื™ืชืขื˜ืฃ ื‘ืฆื™ืฆื™ืช ื•ื™ื‘ืจืš ืžืขื•ืžื“.

ื‘ ืกื“ืจ ืขื˜ื™ืคืชื• ื›ื“ืจืš ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ืฉืžืชื›ืกื™ื ื‘ื›ืกื•ืชืŸ ื•ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืžืœืื›ืชื ืคืขืžื™ื ื‘ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ื”ืจืืฉ ืคืขืžื™ื ื‘ื’ืœื•ื™ ื”ืจืืฉ ื•ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ื›ืกื” ืจืืฉื• ื‘ื˜ืœื™ืช.

ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš, ืื•ืจื— ื—ื™ื™ื ื—

ื•ื‘ืกืคืจ ืืจื—ื•ืช ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืฉื ื”ื—ื–ื•ืดื (ื”ื•ื‘ื ื‘ืžืฉื ืดื‘ ืžื”ื“ื•ืจืช โ€ื“ืจืฉื•โ€œ, ืกื™ืณ ื ื’ ืกืงื™ืดื’), ืฉืžื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ืžืขื™ืœ ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ืืจื•ืš ืืดืฆ ืœื”ืชืขื˜ืฃ ื‘ื˜ืœื™ืช, ื“ืžืฉืดื› ื”ืžื’ืดื ื˜ืœื™ืช ืœืื• ื“ื•ื•ืงื, ืื‘ืœ ืžื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ื—ืœื™ืคื” ืงืฆืจื” ืฆืจื™ืš.

ืื™ืชื™ืืœ ืกื•ืคืจ, ื˜ืœื™ืช ืœืฉืœื™ื— ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ื‘ืกืœื™ื—ื•ืช

And then David turns to the ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ:

ื“ ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืช ืžึทื—ึฐืกึถื” ืœื™; ืžื’ื“ืœ ืขื– ืžืคื ื™ ืื•ื™ื‘ืƒ
ื” ืื’ื•ืจื” ื‘ืื”ืœืš ืขื•ืœืžื™ื; ืึถื—ึฑืกึถื” ื‘ืกืชืจ ื›ื ืคื™ืš ืกืœื”ืƒ

ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืคืจืง ืกื

because the ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ is fundamentally a place for ืชืคื™ืœื”:

ืœื” ื‘ื”ืขืฆืจ ืฉืžื™ื ื•ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื˜ืจ ื›ื™ ื™ื—ื˜ืื• ืœืš; ื•ื”ืชืคืœืœื• ืืœ ื”ืžืงื•ื ื”ื–ื” ื•ื”ื•ื“ื• ืืช ืฉืžืš ื•ืžื—ื˜ืืชื ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื•ืŸ ื›ื™ ืชืขื ืืƒ ืœื• ื•ืืชื” ืชืฉืžืข ื”ืฉืžื™ื ื•ืกืœื—ืช ืœื—ื˜ืืช ืขื‘ื“ื™ืš ื•ืขืžืš ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ื™ ืชื•ืจื ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืืฉืจ ื™ืœื›ื• ื‘ื”; ื•ื ืชืชื” ืžื˜ืจ ืขืœ ืืจืฆืš ืืฉืจ ื ืชืชื” ืœืขืžืš ืœื ื—ืœื”ืƒ

ืžืœื›ื™ื ื ืคืจืง ื—

ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืื•ืชื™ื ืืœ ื”ืจ ืงื“ืฉื™ ื•ืฉืžื—ืชื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืชืคืœืชื™ ืขื•ืœืชื™ื”ื ื•ื–ื‘ื—ื™ื”ื ืœืจืฆื•ืŸ ืขืœ ืžื–ื‘ื—ื™; ื›ื™ ื‘ื™ืชื™ ื‘ื™ืช ืชืคืœื” ื™ืงืจื ืœื›ืœ ื”ืขืžื™ืืƒ

ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื• ื ื•:ื–

The ืขื™ืงืจ of ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืณ is not the ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช but the ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉื‘ืœื‘. If I am wrapped up in ืชืคื™ืœื”, then I should be in the ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ.

David anticipates that ื”ืณ would allow his dynasty to build the ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ that he has been hoping for:

ื• ื›ื™ ืืชื” ืืœืงื™ื ืฉืžืขืช ืœื ื“ืจื™; ื ืชืช ื™ืจืฉืช ื™ืจืื™ ืฉืžืšืƒ
ื– ื™ืžื™ื ืขืœ ื™ืžื™ ืžืœืš ืชื•ืกื™ืฃ; ืฉื ื•ืชื™ื• ื›ืžื• ื“ืจ ื•ื“ืจืƒ
ื— ื™ืฉื‘ ืขื•ืœื ืœืคื ื™ ืืœืงื™ื; ื—ืกื“ ื•ืืžืช ืžืŸ ื™ื ืฆืจื”ื•ืƒ

ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืคืจืง ืกื

ื—ืกื“ ื•ืืžืช ืžืŸ ื™ื ืฆืจื”ื• is part of Davidโ€™s prayer for the future king:

ื—ืกื“ ื•ืืžืช: ืฉื”ื•ื ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ื”ื ื™ื”ื™ื• ืžื–ื•ืžื ื™ื ืœื ืฆืจื•.

ืžืŸ: ื”ื–ืžื ื” ื›ืžื• (ื™ื•ื ื” ื“:ื•) ื•ึทื™ึฐืžึทืŸ ื”ืณโ€ฆืงึดื™ืงึธื™ื•ึนืŸ.

ืจืฉืดื™, ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืกื:ื—

The future king should sit before ื”ืณ in ื‘ืกืชืจ ื›ื ืคื™ืš (just as he himself had wanted, (ืชื”ืœื™ื ื›ื–:ื“)โ€Ž ืึทื—ึทืช ืฉึธืืึทืœึฐืชึดึผื™ ืžึตืึตืช ื”ืณ ืื•ึนืชึธื”ึผ ืึฒื‘ึทืงึตึผืฉื ืฉึดืื‘ึฐืชึดึผื™ ื‘ึฐึผื‘ึตื™ืช ื”ืณ ื›ึธึผืœ ื™ึฐืžึตื™ ื—ึทื™ึทึผื™), but he canโ€™t just sit there. He needs to do ื—ืกื“ ื•ืืžืช, and David prays that the merit of that ื—ืกื“ ื•ืืžืช will protect him.

Weโ€™ve looked at Davidโ€™s ื ื“ืจ:

ื ืฉื™ืจ ื”ืžืขืœื•ืช; ื–ื›ื•ืจ ื”ืณ ืœื“ื•ื“ ืืช ื›ืœ ืขื ื•ืชื•ืƒ ื‘ ืืฉืจ ื ืฉื‘ืข ืœื”ืณ; ื ื“ืจ ืœืื‘ื™ืจ ื™ืขืงื‘ืƒ ื’ ืื ืื‘ื ื‘ืื”ืœ ื‘ื™ืชื™; ืื ืืขืœื” ืขืœ ืขืจืฉ ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ืƒ ื“ ืื ืืชืŸ ืฉื ืช ืœืขื™ื ื™; ืœืขืคืขืคื™ ืชื ื•ืžื”ืƒ ื” ืขื“ ืืžืฆื ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ืณ; ืžืฉื›ื ื•ืช ืœืื‘ื™ืจ ื™ืขืงื‘ืƒ

ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืคืจืง ืงืœื‘

But David ends with the recognition that to fulfill his side of the ื ื“ืจ, he needs to continue his ืชืคื™ืœื”, his praise of ื”ืณ. Building the ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ is not a one-time thing.

ื›ืŸ ืื–ืžืจื” ืฉืžืš ืœืขื“ ืœืฉืœืžื™ ื ื“ืจื™ ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืืƒ

ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืกื:ื˜

ืœืฉืœืžื™ ื ื“ืจื™: ืฉืืžืจืชื™ โ€ืื’ื•ืจื” ื‘ืื”ืœืš ืขื•ืœืžื™ืโ€œ.

ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ื: ืฉืื•ืกื™ืฃ ืžื™ื•ื ืœื™ื•ื ืื™ื–ื” ืฉื‘ื— ื•ื’ื“ื•ืœื”.

ืกืคื•ืจื ื•, ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืกื:ื˜

And that is what a ืœืžื ืฆื— psalm is all about: ื ืฆื— ืœืžื™ ืฉืžื‘ืงืฉ ืœื”ื™ื ืฆื— ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ.