ื‘ืกืดื“

Kavanot: The Power and the Glory

Thoughts on Tanach and the Davening

After David gives the plans for the ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ to Shlomo, he turns to the people.

ื•ื™ืืžืจ ื“ื•ื™ื“ ื”ืžืœืš ืœื›ืœ ื”ืงื”ืœ ืฉืœืžื” ื‘ื ื™ ืื—ื“ ื‘ื—ืจ ื‘ื• ืืœืงื™ื ื ืขืจ ื•ืจืš; ื•ื”ืžืœืื›ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืœื ืœืื“ื ื”ื‘ื™ืจื” ื›ื™ ืœื”ืณ ืืœืงื™ืืƒ

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื ื›ื˜:ื

The word ื‘ื™ืจื” appears only in the post-exilic books of ืชื ืดืš:

ื‘ ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื”ื”ื ื›ืฉื‘ืช ื”ืžืœืš ืื—ืฉื•ืจื•ืฉ ืขืœ ื›ืกื ืžืœื›ื•ืชื• ืืฉืจ ื‘ืฉื•ืฉืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืจื”ืƒ ื’ ื‘ืฉื ืช ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืœืžืœื›ื• ืขืฉื” ืžืฉืชื” ืœื›ืœ ืฉืจื™ื• ื•ืขื‘ื“ื™ื•; ื—ื™ืœ ืคืจืก ื•ืžื“ื™ ื”ืคืจืชืžื™ื ื•ืฉืจื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ื•ืƒ

ืืกืชืจ ืคืจืง ื

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื ื—ืžื™ื” ื‘ืŸ ื—ื›ืœื™ื”; ื•ื™ื”ื™ ื‘ื—ื“ืฉ ื›ืกืœื• ืฉื ืช ืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืฉื•ืฉืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืจื”ืƒ

ื ื—ืžื™ื” ื:ื

ื•ืืฆื•ื” ืืช ื—ื ื ื™ ืื—ื™ ื•ืืช ื—ื ื ื™ื” ืฉืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื; ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ื›ืื™ืฉ ืืžืช ื•ื™ืจื ืืช ื”ืืœืงื™ื ืžืจื‘ื™ืืƒ

ื ื—ืžื™ื” ื–:ื‘

The obvious suggestion is that ื‘ื™ืจื” is a Persian loan word. The Farsi word for tower is ุจุฑุฌ, burj (I think thatโ€™s the transliteration), as in the Burj Khalifa. But Rabbi Leibtag suggests the reverse: ื‘ื™ืจื” primarily refers to Jerusalem, and ืฉื•ืฉืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืจื” is an ironic reference to the assimilation of Persian Jews.

Hence we can conclude that the Megillaโ€™s satire suggests that during this time period Am Yisrael had replaced:

  • G-d with Achashverosh;
  • G-dโ€™s Temple with Achashveroshโ€™s palace; and
  • Yerushalayim ha-bira with Shushan ha-bira!
Rabbi Menachem Leibtag, Megillat Esther and its Hidden Message

David intends to build the ื‘ื™ืจื” in Jerusalem, but by the time of Esther, the Jews feel their ื‘ื™ืจื” is in Persia. Itโ€™s similar to the sentiment expressed by the Meshech Chochma:

ืขื•ื“ ืžืขื˜ ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืืžืจ โ€ืฉืงืจ ื ื—ืœื• ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื•โ€œ, ื•ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื™ืฉื›ื— ืžื—ืฆื‘ืชื• ื•ื™ื—ืฉื‘ ืœืื–ืจื— ืจืขื ืŸ. ื™ืขื–ื•ื‘ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ื“ืชื•, ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืœืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืœื ืœื•โ€ฆื™ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ื™ ื‘ืจืœื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ืโ€ฆืื– ื™ื‘ื•ื ืจื•ื— ืกื•ืขื” ื•ืกืขืจ, ื™ืขืงื•ืจ ืื•ืชื• ืžื’ื–ืขื• ื™ื ื™ื—ื”ื• ืœื’ื•ื™ ืžืจื—ื•ืง ืืฉืจ ืœื ืœืžื“ ืœืฉื•ื ื•, ื™ื“ืข ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ื’ืจ.

ืžืฉืš ื—ื›ืžื”, ื•ื™ืงืจื ื›ื•:ืžื“

Thatโ€™s the danger of this ื‘ื™ืจื”: it will be simply an impressive tower, that can be replaced with other impressive towers. But thatโ€™s not where the Jews are now. They are going to build the ื‘ื™ืจื” to be the ื‘ื™ืช ืืœืงื™ื. David describes how much money and raw materials heโ€™s accumulated.

ื•ื›ื›ืœ ื›ื—ื™ ื”ื›ื™ื ื•ืชื™ ืœื‘ื™ืช ืืœืงื™ ื”ื–ื”ื‘ ืœื–ื”ื‘ ื•ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืœื›ืกืฃ ื•ื”ื ื—ืฉืช ืœื ื—ืฉืช ื”ื‘ืจื–ืœ ืœื‘ืจื–ืœ ื•ื”ืขืฆื™ื ืœืขืฆื™ื; ืื‘ื ื™ ืฉื”ื ื•ืžืœื•ืื™ื ืื‘ื ื™ ืคื•ืš ื•ืจืงืžื” ื•ื›ืœ ืื‘ืŸ ื™ืงืจื” ื•ืื‘ื ื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืจื‘ืƒ

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื ื›ื˜:ื‘

He emphasizes that he has the ื”ื–ื”ื‘ ืœื–ื”ื‘ ื•ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืœื›ืกืฃ, because the plans may call for gold and silver but they might not have been able to afford that. Later in history, they will have to substitute:

ื›ื” ื•ื™ื”ื™ ื‘ืฉื ื” ื”ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ืช ืœืžืœืš ืจื—ื‘ืขื; ืขืœื” ืฉื•ืฉืง (ืฉื™ืฉืง) ืžืœืš ืžืฆืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืืƒ ื›ื• ื•ื™ืงื— ืืช ืืฆืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืณ ื•ืืช ืื•ืฆืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืœืš ื•ืืช ื”ื›ืœ ืœืงื—; ื•ื™ืงื— ืืช ื›ืœ ืžื’ื ื™ ื”ื–ื”ื‘ ืืฉืจ ืขืฉื” ืฉืœืžื”ืƒ ื›ื– ื•ื™ืขืฉ ื”ืžืœืš ืจื—ื‘ืขื ืชื—ืชื ืžื’ื ื™ ื ื—ืฉืช; ื•ื”ืคืงื™ื“ ืขืœ ื™ื“ ืฉืจื™ ื”ืจืฆื™ื ื”ืฉืžืจื™ื ืคืชื— ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืœืšืƒ

ืžืœื›ื™ื ื ืคืจืง ื™ื“

Even the ื›ืœื™ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ can be made of cheaper materials if they canโ€™t afford the gold:

ื›ื“ืชื ื™ื: ืœื ื™ืขืฉื” ืื“ื ื‘ื™ืช ืชื‘ื ื™ืช ื”ื™ื›ืœโ€ฆืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืกื™ ื‘ืจ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืื•ืžืจ: ืืฃ ืฉืœ ืขืฅ ืœื ื™ืขืฉื”, ื›ื“ืจืš ืฉืขืฉื• ืžืœื›ื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื—ืฉืžื•ื ืื™โ€ฆืฉืคื•ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื‘ืจื–ืœ ื”ื™ื• ื•ื—ื™ืคื•ื ื‘ื‘ืขืฅ. ื”ืขืฉื™ืจื•โ€”ืขืฉืื•ื ืฉืœ ื›ืกืฃ, ื—ื–ืจื• ื”ืขืฉื™ืจื•โ€”ืขืฉืื•ื ืฉืœ ื–ื”ื‘.

ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื ื” ื›ื“,ื-ื‘

And in Yeshayaโ€™s vision of the future ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ we will be able to afford to build things the way they were intended.

ืชื—ืช ื”ื ื—ืฉืช ืื‘ื™ื ื–ื”ื‘ ื•ืชื—ืช ื”ื‘ืจื–ืœ ืื‘ื™ื ื›ืกืฃ ื•ืชื—ืช ื”ืขืฆื™ื ื ื—ืฉืช ื•ืชื—ืช ื”ืื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ืจื–ืœ; ื•ืฉืžืชื™ ืคืงื“ืชืš ืฉืœื•ื ื•ื ื’ืฉื™ืš ืฆื“ืงื”ืƒ

ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื• ืคืจืง ืก:ื™ื–

And then David describes the construction budget:

ื’ ื•ืขื•ื“ ื‘ืจืฆื•ืชื™ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืืœืงื™ ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืกื’ืœื” ื–ื”ื‘ ื•ื›ืกืฃ; ื ืชืชื™ ืœื‘ื™ืช ืืœืงื™ ืœืžืขืœื” ืžื›ืœ ื”ื›ื™ื ื•ืชื™ ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืงื“ืฉืƒ ื“ ืฉืœืฉืช ืืœืคื™ื ื›ื›ืจื™ ื–ื”ื‘ ืžื–ื”ื‘ ืื•ืคื™ืจ; ื•ืฉื‘ืขืช ืืœืคื™ื ื›ื›ืจ ื›ืกืฃ ืžื–ืงืง ืœื˜ื•ื— ืงื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ืชื™ืืƒ

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื ืคืจืง ื›ื˜

ื‘ืจืฆื•ืชื™: ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืื ื™ ืžืจื•ืฆื” ื•ื—ืคืฅ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืณ ื”ื ื” ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืขื•ื“ ืกื’ื•ืœื” ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ืžื–ื”ื‘ ื•ื›ืกืฃ ื ืชืชื™ ื’ื ืื•ืชื” ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืณ

ืžืฆื•ื“ืช ื“ื•ื“, ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื ื›ื˜:ื’

But despite all that, when Shlomo actually builds the ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ, he apparently doesnโ€™t use all that gold and silver:

ื•ืชืฉืœื ื›ืœ ื”ืžืœืื›ื” ืืฉืจ ืขืฉื” ืฉืœืžื” ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืณ;
ื•ื™ื‘ื ืฉืœืžื” ืืช ืงื“ืฉื™ ื“ื•ื™ื“ ืื‘ื™ื• ื•ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื•ืืช ื”ื–ื”ื‘ ื•ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื›ืœื™ื ื ืชืŸ ื‘ืืฆืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืืœืงื™ืืƒ

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ ื”:ื

Weโ€™ve talked about the reason why in Once Upon a Midnight Dreary.

ื•ื™ื‘ื ืฉืœืžื” ืืช ืงื“ืฉื™ ื“ื•ื“ ืื‘ื™ื•: ื•ืœืžื” ืœื ื ืฆืจืš ืœื”ืโ€ฆืžื™ ืฉื“ื•ืจืฉ ืœื’ื ืื™ ืขืœ ืฉื‘ื ื”ืจืขื‘ ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื“ื•ื“ ืฉืœืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ื•ื›ืžื” ืชืกื‘ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื• ืœื• ืœื“ื•ื“, ืฆื‘ื•ืจื™ืŸ ืžื›ืกืฃ ื•ื–ื”ื‘ ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžืชืงื™ืŸ ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ื•ืœื”ื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื• ืืช ื”ื ืคืฉื•ืช ื•ืœื ืขืฉื” ื›ืŸ, ืืžืจ ืœื• ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ื‘ื ื™ ืžืชื™ื ื‘ืจืขื‘ ื•ืืชื” ืฆื•ื‘ืจ ืžืžื•ืŸ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ื‘ื• ื‘ื ื™ืŸ! ื—ื™ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ืฉืœืžื” ื ืฆืจืš ืžื”ื ื›ืœื•ื.

ื™ืœืงื•ื˜ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™ ืžืœื›ื™ื ื ืจืžื– ืงืคื•

David seems to have a blind spot. He has just said (ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื ืคืจืง ื›ื—:ื’)โ€Ž, ื•ื”ืืœืงื™ื ืืžืจ ืœื™ ืœื ืชื‘ื ื” ื‘ื™ืช ืœืฉืžื™ ื›ื™ ืื™ืฉ ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ืืชื” ื•ื“ืžื™ื ืฉืคื›ืช, but he doesnโ€™t seem to understand what that implies.


And then, after describing how much money heโ€™s budgeted, he asks for donations.

ื” ืœื–ื”ื‘ ืœื–ื”ื‘ ื•ืœื›ืกืฃ ืœื›ืกืฃ ื•ืœื›ืœ ืžืœืื›ื” ื‘ื™ื“ ื—ืจืฉื™ื; ื•ืžื™ ืžืชื ื“ื‘ ืœืžืœืื•ืช ื™ื“ื• ื”ื™ื•ื ืœื”ืณืƒ ื• ื•ื™ืชื ื“ื‘ื• ืฉืจื™ ื”ืื‘ื•ืช ื•ืฉืจื™ ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืฉืจื™ ื”ืืœืคื™ื ื•ื”ืžืื•ืช ื•ืœืฉืจื™ ืžืœืื›ืช ื”ืžืœืšืƒ ื– ื•ื™ืชื ื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืืœืงื™ื ื–ื”ื‘ ื›ื›ืจื™ื ื—ืžืฉืช ืืœืคื™ื ื•ืื“ืจื›ื ื™ื ืจื‘ื• ื•ื›ืกืฃ ื›ื›ืจื™ื ืขืฉืจืช ืืœืคื™ื ื•ื ื—ืฉืช ืจื‘ื• ื•ืฉืžื•ื ืช ืืœืคื™ื ื›ื›ืจื™ื; ื•ื‘ืจื–ืœ ืžืื” ืืœืฃ ื›ื›ืจื™ืืƒ ื— ื•ื”ื ืžืฆื ืืชื• ืื‘ื ื™ื ื ืชื ื• ืœืื•ืฆืจ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืณ ืขืœ ื™ื“ ื™ื—ื™ืืœ ื”ื’ืจืฉื ื™ืƒ ื˜ ื•ื™ืฉืžื—ื• ื”ืขื ืขืœ ื”ืชื ื“ื‘ื ื›ื™ ื‘ืœื‘ ืฉืœื ื”ืชื ื“ื‘ื• ืœื”ืณ; ื•ื’ื ื“ื•ื™ื“ ื”ืžืœืš ืฉืžื— ืฉืžื—ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื”ืƒ

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื ืคืจืง ื›ื˜

Why solicit donations? Heโ€™s already said that he has enough. I think the reason is the same as the reason that the original ืžืฉื›ืŸ had to be made from donations.

ื“ื‘ืจ ืืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื™ืงื—ื• ืœื™ ืชืจื•ืžื”; ืžืืช ื›ืœ ืื™ืฉ ืืฉืจ ื™ื“ื‘ื ื• ืœื‘ื• ืชืงื—ื• ืืช ืชืจื•ืžืชื™ืƒ

ืฉืžื•ืช ื›ื”:ื‘

ื•ื”ืžืœืื›ื” ื”ื™ืชื” ื“ื™ื ืœื›ืœ ื”ืžืœืื›ื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืชื”; ื•ื”ื•ืชืจืƒ

ืฉืžื•ืช ืœื•:ื–

ื•ืื•ืœื™ ืฉื™ืฉืžื™ืขื ื• ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื—ื™ื‘ืช ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ื”ืžืงื•ื, ื›ื™ ืœืฆื“ ืฉื”ื‘ื™ืื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืฆืจื™ืš, ื—ืฉ ื”ืณ ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื›ืœ ืื™ืฉ ืฉื˜ืจื—ื• ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ื•ื ื›ื ืก ื›ืœ ื”ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืณ ื‘ืžืœืื›ืช ื”ืžืฉื›ืŸ, ื•ื–ื” ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื•ื”ืžืœืื›ื” ืืฉืจ ืฆื•ื” ื”ืณ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉื›ืŸ ื”ืกืคื™ืงื” ืœื”ื›ื ืก ื‘ืชื•ื›ื” ื›ืœ ื”ืžืœืื›ื” ืฉืขืฉื• ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื’ื ืฉื”ื•ืชืจ; ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ืฆืจื™ืš ื”ืกืคื™ืง ื”ืžืงื‘ืœ ืœืงื‘ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉื™ืขื•ืจื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื ืก. ืื• ืขืœ ื–ื” ื”ื“ืจืš ื•ื”ืžืœืื›ื” ืฉื”ื‘ื™ืื• ื”ื™ืชื” ื“ื™ื ืœื ื—ืกืจ ื•ืœื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ื’ื ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ืคื™ ื”ืืžืช ื•ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจื• ื•ื”ื•ืชืจ ื›ื™ ื ืขืฉื” ื ืก ื•ืœื ื”ื•ืชื™ืจ.

ืื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื, ืฉืžื•ืช ืœื•:ื–

It was important that every single member of the community felt that they had a part in building the ืžืฉื›ืŸ. Without that sense of community, the physical building would be pointless.

ื•ืขืฉื• ืœื™ ืžืงื“ืฉ; ื•ืฉื›ื ืชื™ ื‘ืชื•ื›ืืƒ

ืฉืžื•ืช ื›ื”:ื—

Having set up the building fund, David concludes with a ื‘ืจื›ื” of thanksgiving to ื”ืงื‘ืดื”.

ื•ื™ื‘ืจืš ื“ื•ื™ื“ ืืช ื”ืณ ืœืขื™ื ื™ ื›ืœ ื”ืงื”ืœ; ื•ื™ืืžืจ ื“ื•ื™ื“ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืืชื” ื”ืณ ืืœืงื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื‘ื™ื ื• ืžืขื•ืœื ื•ืขื“ ืขื•ืœืืƒ

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื ื›ื˜:ื™

He specifically addresses ืืœืงื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื‘ื™ื ื•:

ื•ื™ื‘ืจืš ื“ื•ื™ื“ ืืช ื”ืณ ืœืขื™ื ื™ ื›ืœ ื”ืงื”ืœ ื•ื’ื•ืณ: ืืœืงื™ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื™ืฆื—ืง ื•ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื™ื ื• ืื•ืžืจ ื›ืืŸ, ืืœื โ€ืืœืงื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื‘ื™ื ื•โ€œ, ืชืœื” ืืช ื”ื ื“ืจ ื‘ืžื™ ืฉืคืชื— ื‘ื• ืชื—ืœื”.

ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืจื‘ื” ืข:ื‘

David sees himself as finally fulfilling the vow that Yaakov had made seven centuries before.

ื› ื•ื™ื“ืจ ื™ืขืงื‘ ื ื“ืจ ืœืืžืจ; ืื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืืœืงื™ื ืขืžื“ื™ ื•ืฉืžืจื ื™ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ื–ื” ืืฉืจ ืื ื›ื™ ื”ื•ืœืš ื•ื ืชืŸ ืœื™ ืœื—ื ืœืื›ืœ ื•ื‘ื’ื“ ืœืœื‘ืฉืƒโ€ฆื›ื‘ ื•ื”ืื‘ืŸ ื”ื–ืืช ืืฉืจ ืฉืžืชื™ ืžืฆื‘ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืช ืืœืงื™ื; ื•ื›ืœ ืืฉืจ ืชืชืŸ ืœื™ ืขืฉืจ ืืขืฉืจื ื• ืœืšืƒ

ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืคืจืง ื›ื—

ื ืฉื™ืจ ื”ืžืขืœื•ืช; ื–ื›ื•ืจ ื”ืณ ืœื“ื•ื“ ืืช ื›ืœ ืขื ื•ืชื•ืƒ ื‘ ืืฉืจ ื ืฉื‘ืข ืœื”ืณ; ื ื“ืจ ืœืื‘ื™ืจ ื™ืขืงื‘ืƒ ื’ ืื ืื‘ื ื‘ืื”ืœ ื‘ื™ืชื™; ืื ืืขืœื” ืขืœ ืขืจืฉ ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ืƒ ื“ ืื ืืชืŸ ืฉื ืช ืœืขื™ื ื™; ืœืขืคืขืคื™ ืชื ื•ืžื”ืƒ ื” ืขื“ ืืžืฆื ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ืณ; ืžืฉื›ื ื•ืช ืœืื‘ื™ืจ ื™ืขืงื‘ืƒ

ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืคืจืง ืงืœื‘

And the text of this ื‘ืจื›ื” is familiar:

ื™ื ืœืš ื”ืณ ื”ื’ื“ืœื” ื•ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืชืคืืจืช ื•ื”ื ืฆื— ื•ื”ื”ื•ื“ ื›ื™ ื›ืœ ื‘ืฉืžื™ื ื•ื‘ืืจืฅ; ืœืš ื”ืณ ื”ืžืžืœื›ื” ื•ื”ืžืชื ืฉื ืœื›ืœ ืœืจืืฉืƒ ื™ื‘ ื•ื”ืขืฉืจ ื•ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืžืœืคื ื™ืš ื•ืืชื” ืžื•ืฉืœ ื‘ื›ืœ ื•ื‘ื™ื“ืš ื›ื— ื•ื’ื‘ื•ืจื”; ื•ื‘ื™ื“ืš ืœื’ื“ืœ ื•ืœื—ื–ืง ืœื›ืœืƒ ื™ื’ ื•ืขืชื” ืืœืงื™ื ื• ืžื•ื“ื™ื ืื ื—ื ื• ืœืš; ื•ืžื”ืœืœื™ื ืœืฉื ืชืคืืจืชืšืƒ ื™ื“ ื•ื›ื™ ืžื™ ืื ื™ ื•ืžื™ ืขืžื™ ื›ื™ ื ืขืฆืจ ื›ื— ืœื”ืชื ื“ื‘ ื›ื–ืืช; ื›ื™ ืžืžืš ื”ื›ืœ ื•ืžื™ื“ืš ื ืชื ื• ืœืšืƒ ื˜ื• ื›ื™ ื’ืจื™ื ืื ื—ื ื• ืœืคื ื™ืš ื•ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื›ื›ืœ ืื‘ืชื™ื ื•; ื›ืฆืœ ื™ืžื™ื ื• ืขืœ ื”ืืจืฅ ื•ืื™ืŸ ืžืงื•ื”ืƒ ื˜ื– ื”ืณ ืืœืงื™ื ื• ื›ืœ ื”ื”ืžื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืืฉืจ ื”ื›ื™ื ื ื• ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืœืš ื‘ื™ืช ืœืฉื ืงื“ืฉืš; ืžื™ื“ืš ื”ื™ื (ื”ื•ื) ื•ืœืš ื”ื›ืœืƒ ื™ื– ื•ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืืœืงื™ ื›ื™ ืืชื” ื‘ื—ืŸ ืœื‘ื‘ ื•ืžื™ืฉืจื™ื ืชืจืฆื”; ืื ื™ ื‘ื™ืฉืจ ืœื‘ื‘ื™ ื”ืชื ื“ื‘ืชื™ ื›ืœ ืืœื” ื•ืขืชื” ืขืžืš ื”ื ืžืฆืื• ืคื” ืจืื™ืชื™ ื‘ืฉืžื—ื” ืœื”ืชื ื“ื‘ ืœืšืƒ ื™ื— ื”ืณ ืืœืงื™ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื™ืฆื—ืง ื•ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื‘ืชื™ื ื• ืฉืžืจื” ื–ืืช ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื™ืฆืจ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืœื‘ื‘ ืขืžืš; ื•ื”ื›ืŸ ืœื‘ื‘ื ืืœื™ืšืƒ ื™ื˜ ื•ืœืฉืœืžื” ื‘ื ื™ ืชืŸ ืœื‘ื‘ ืฉืœื ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืžืฆื•ืชื™ืš ืขื“ื•ืชื™ืš ื•ื—ืงื™ืš; ื•ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื”ื›ืœ ื•ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืจื” ืืฉืจ ื”ื›ื™ื ื•ืชื™ืƒ

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื ืคืจืง ื›ื˜

I want to focus on those first psukim, the list of praises of ื”ืณ, from ื”ื’ื“ืœื” ื•ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืจื” to ืžืžืœื›ื” ื•ื”ืžืชื ืฉื.

ื‘ืžืชื ื™ืชื ืชื ื ืžืฉืžื™ื” ื“ืจื‘ื™ ืขืงื™ื‘ื; โ€ืœืš ื”ืณ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื”โ€œ ื–ื• ืงืจื™ืขืช ื™ื ืกื•ืฃ, โ€ื•ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืจื”โ€œ ื–ื• ืžื›ืช ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช, โ€ื•ื”ืชืคืืจืชโ€œ ื–ื• ืžืชืŸ ืชื•ืจื”, โ€ื•ื”ื ืฆื—โ€œ ื–ื• ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, โ€ื•ื”ื”ื•ื“โ€œ ื–ื• ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ.

ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื ื—,ื

The implication is that each of these represents a different aspect of ื”ืณ's manifestation in the world.

ื•ื›ืื™ืœื• ื‘ื ืœื•ืžืจ ื›ื™ ืžืฆื“ ื’ื“ื•ืœืชื•โ€ฆื”ื™ื” ืงืจื™ืขืช ื™ื ืกื•ืฃ, ืฉื”ื™ื ื‘ืจื™ืื” ื’ืžื•ืจื” [ื”ืขืจืช ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื”ืจื˜ืžืŸ: ื‘ืงืจื™ืขืช ื™ื ืกื•ืฃ ื ื‘ืจืื” ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื” ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ืช ืฉื‘ืขื•ืœื, ื•ื”ื™ื ื›ื ืกืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ]. ื•ืžืฆื“ ื’ื‘ื•ืจืชื• ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ื”ื™ื” ืžื›ืช ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืชโ€ฆื•ืžืฆื“ ืชืคืืจืชื• ื ืชืŸ ืชื•ืจื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ืžืฆื“ ื”ื ืฆื—ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ื ืชืŸ ืœื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื”ื ืฆื—ื•ืช [ื”ืขืจืช ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื”ืจื˜ืžืŸ: ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื”ื™ื ืขื™ืงืจ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœโ€ฆื•ืžืฆื™ื ื• ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื”ืชื•ืจื” ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉื” ืฉื”ื™ื ื ื—ืœื” ื ืฆื—ื™ืช], ื•ืžืฆื“ ื”ื”ื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ, ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื•ื“ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื ื™ืชื‘ืจืš.

ื’ื‘ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื, ื”ืงื“ืžื” ื’:ื™ื–

ื•ืžืฆื“ ื”ื”ื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ: ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื–ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ, ื“ื‘ืฉืœืžื ื›ืœ ื”ืžื“ื•ืช ืฉื ื–ื›ืจื• ืขื“ ื›ื”, ื”ื ื‘ืื• ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ืžืขืฉื™ื ืฉื”ืงื‘ืดื” ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื• ื•ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ืขืฉื” [ืงืจื™ืขืช ื™ื ืกื•ืฃ, ืžื›ืช ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช, ืžืชืŸ ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื ืฆื—ื™ื•ืช ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื]โ€ฆืืš ื”ื”ื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื”ื•ื ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืžื—ืžืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื”ื’ืจืดื (ืืžืจื™ ื ื•ืขื, ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื ื—,ื) โ€ื•ื”ื”ื•ื“ ื–ื” ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ, ืฉื‘ืžืงื“ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืชืฉื‘ื—ื•ืชโ€œ, ื•ื”ืจื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื ืืœื• ื”ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืชืฉื‘ื—ื•ืชโ€ฆ

ื•ืฉื [ื’ื‘ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื] ืจืดืค ืขื ื›ืชื‘ โ€ื›ื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื”ืขื™ืงืจ ืฉืœื• ืื™ื ื• ื”ืขืฆื™ื ื•ื”ืื‘ื ื™ื, ืฉื”ื ื˜ืคืœื™ื ืืฆืœ ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ, ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืžื“ืจื™ื’ื” ื”ื ื‘ื“ืœืช ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืžืงื“ืฉ, ื›ืžื• ืฉื˜ืคืœ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืœ ืื“ื ืืฆืœ ื”ื ืฉืžื”โ€œโ€ฆื”ืจื™ ืžืขืœืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื”ื™ื ื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื‘ื‘ื ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื‘ื ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื.

ื”ืขืจืช ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื”ืจื˜ืžืŸ, ืฉื

As we said last time, the ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ is the ืœื‘ื ืช ื”ืกืคื™ืจ, the prism, through which ื”ืณ's manifestation in the world is refracted into the actions of human beings, the ืžืขืฉื” ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื. Later kabbalists took the terms that David used, ื”ื’ื“ืœื” ื•ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืชืคืืจืช ื•ื”ื ืฆื— ื•ื”ื”ื•ื“ etc., and called them the โ€œืกืคื™ืจื•ืชโ€.

The sefirot are 10 emanations, or illuminations of G-dโ€™s infinite light as it manifests in creation. As revelations of the creatorโ€™s will (ืจืฆื•ืŸ), the sefirot [are] 10 different channels through which the one G-d reveals His will.

Wikipedia, Sefirot

ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืกื“ืจืŸ ื›ืžื“ืชืŸ, ืฉื”ื ื–ืณ ืกืคื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื›ืกื“ืจืŸ, ื›ืžืดืฉ ื‘ื–ื” ื—ื›ืžื™ ื”ืงื‘ืœื”.

ืžื”ืจืฉืดื, ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ ืื’ื“ื•ืช, ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื ื—,ื
ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ืกืคื™ืจื•ืช
ื’ื“ืœื” ื—ืกื“
ื’ื‘ื•ืจื” ื“ื™ืŸ
ืชืคืืจืช ืชืคืืจืช
ื ืฆื— ื ืฆื—
ื”ื•ื“ ื”ื•ื“
ื›ืœ ื‘ืฉืžื™ื ื•ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืกื•ื“
ืžืžืœื›ื” ื•ืžืชื ืฉื ืžืœื›ื•ืช

I donโ€™t know that David had this intricate theological system in mind, but he clearly means that everything in the world, including our very existence, is a manifestation of ื”ืณ's goodness in the world. And ืžื•ื“ื™ื ืื ื—ื ื• ืœืš, part of our task is to acknowlege that. If the Jews start focusing on the glory of the building instead of its meaning, it will end in disaster.

ืืœ ืชื‘ื˜ื—ื• ืœื›ื ืืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืฉืงืจ ืœืืžืจ; ื”ื™ื›ืœ ื”ืณ ื”ื™ื›ืœ ื”ืณ ื”ื™ื›ืœ ื”ืณ ื”ืžื”ืƒ

ื™ืจืžื™ื”ื• ื–:ื“

I would like to look at two perakim of ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื that highlight how we are to bring the โ€œlightโ€ of ื”ืงื‘ืดื” into the world.

ื ืœืžื ืฆื— ืฉื™ืจ ืžื–ืžื•ืจ; ื”ืจื™ืขื• ืœืืœืงื™ื ื›ืœ ื”ืืจืฅืƒ
ื‘ ื–ืžืจื• ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื•; ืฉื™ืžื• ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืชื”ืœืชื•ืƒ
ื’ ืืžืจื• ืœืืœืงื™ื ืžื” ื ื•ืจื ืžืขืฉื™ืš; ื‘ืจื‘ ืขื–ืš ื™ื›ื—ืฉื• ืœืš ืื™ื‘ื™ืšืƒ
ื“ ื›ืœ ื”ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืชื—ื•ื• ืœืš ื•ื™ื–ืžืจื• ืœืš; ื™ื–ืžืจื• ืฉืžืš ืกืœื”ืƒ

ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืคืจืง ืกื•

JPS translates ื”ืจื™ืขื• ืœืืœืงื™ื ื›ืœ ื”ืืจืฅ as โ€œRaise a shout for G-d, all the earthโ€, but Hirsch translates ื”ืจื™ืขื• as โ€œwakenโ€. This psalm is looking toward a day when everyone will be awakened to praise ื”ืณ and (in the next verse) His ื›ื‘ื•ื“, which is always used for the manifestation of ื”ืงื‘ืดื” in the created world, and therefore, ืืžืจื• ืœืืœืงื™ื ืžื” ื ื•ืจื ืžืขืฉื™ืš.

ื ื•ืจื is in the singular, where ืžืขืฉื™ืš is plural. The ื ื•ืจื, awesomeness, describes the sum total of ืžืขืฉื™ืš. Rav Soloveitchik calls that sense of ื ื•ืจื, โ€numinousโ€œ, a term coined by Rudolf Otto to mean a (from Wikipedia) โ€œnon-rational, non-sensory experience or feeling whose primary and immediate object is outside the selfโ€. It (from Britannica Online) โ€œevades precise formulation in words. Like the beauty of a musical composition, it is non-rational and eludes complete conceptual analysis; hence it must be discussed in symbolic termsโ€.

The feeling of it may at times come sweeping like a gentle tide pervading the mind with a tranquil mood of deepest worship. It may pass over into a more set and lasting attitude of the soul, continuing, as it were, thrillingly vibrant and resonant, until at last it dies away and the soul resumes its โ€œprofane,โ€ non-religious mood of everyday experienceโ€ฆIt may become the hushed, trembling, and speechless humility of the creature in the presence ofโ€”whom or what? In the presence of that which is a Mystery inexpressible and above all creatures.

Rudolf Otto, The Idea of the Holy, pp 12โ€“13

We express this idea in ืฉื—ืจื™ืช for ืฉื‘ืช. There are four descriptions of ื”ืณ that we use in davening:

ื›ื™ ื”ืณ ืืœืงื™ื›ื ื”ื•ื ืืœืงื™ ื”ืืœื”ื™ื ื•ืื“ื ึพื™ ื”ืื“ื ื™ื; ื”ืึพืœ ื”ื’ื“ืœ ื”ื’ื‘ืจ ื•ื”ื ื•ืจื ืืฉืจ ืœื ื™ืฉื ืคื ื™ื ื•ืœื ื™ืงื— ืฉื—ื“ืƒ

ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื™:ื™ื–

ื•ืขืชื” ืืœืงื™ื ื• ื”ืึพืœ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ื”ื ื•ืจื ืฉื•ืžืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ื•ื”ื—ืกื“ ืืœ ื™ืžืขื˜ ืœืคื ื™ืš ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืชืœืื” ืืฉืจ ืžืฆืืชื ื• ืœืžืœื›ื™ื ื• ืœืฉืจื™ื ื• ื•ืœื›ื”ื ื™ื ื• ื•ืœื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ื• ื•ืœืื‘ืชื™ื ื• ื•ืœื›ืœ ืขืžืš; ืžื™ืžื™ ืžืœื›ื™ ืืฉื•ืจ ืขื“ ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื–ื”ืƒ

ื ื—ืžื™ื” ื˜:ืœื‘

And we define all of those in ื ืฉืžืช:

ืžื™ ื™ื“ืžื” ืœืš ื•ืžื™ ื™ืฉื•ื” ืœืš ื•ืžื™ ื™ืขืจืš ืœืš, ื”ืึพืœ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ื”ื ื•ืจืโ€ฆ

ื”ืึพืœ, ื‘ืชืขืฆืžื•ืช ืขื–ืš. ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžืš. ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืจ, ืœื ืฆื—. ื•ื”ื ื•ืจื ื‘ื ื•ืจืื•ืชื™ืš

ื‘ืจื›ืช ื ืฉืžืช ื›ืœ ื—ื™

The one that is left undefined is ื ื•ืจื.โ€Ž ื ื•ืจื is ineffable.

But what are we supposed to do with that feeling?

ื™ื‘ ื•ืขืชื” ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื” ื”ืณ ืืœืงื™ืš ืฉืืœ ืžืขืžืš; ื›ื™ ืื ืœื™ืจืื” ืืช ื”ืณ ืืœืงื™ืš ืœืœื›ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืจื›ื™ื• ื•ืœืื”ื‘ื” ืืชื• ื•ืœืขื‘ื“ ืืช ื”ืณ ืืœืงื™ืš ื‘ื›ืœ ืœื‘ื‘ืš ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื ืคืฉืšืƒ ื™ื’ ืœืฉืžืจ ืืช ืžืฆื•ืช ื”ืณ ื•ืืช ื—ืงืชื™ื• ืืฉืจ ืื ื›ื™ ืžืฆื•ืš ื”ื™ื•ื ืœื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืšืƒ

ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืคืจืง ื™

G-d โ€œonlyโ€ wants one thing: ืœื™ืจืื” and ืœืœื›ืช and ืœืื”ื‘ื” and ืœืขื‘ื“ and ืœืฉืžืจ! The way to read this (as we discussed in ืคืจืฉืช ืขืงื‘ ืชืฉืคืดื) is that really, ื”ืณ wants only one thing: ืœื™ืจืื” ืืช ื”ืณ ืืœืงื™ืš, to feel the ื ื•ืจื, so that the rest follows: ืœืœื›ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืจื›ื™ื• ื•ืœืื”ื‘ื” ืืชื•, etc.

ื•ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ื—ื ื™ื ื: ื”ื›ืœ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืฉืžื™ื, ื—ื•ืฅ ืžื™ืจืืช ืฉืžื™ื. ืฉื ืืžืจ: ื•ึฐืขึทืชึผึธื” ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืžึธื” ื”ืณ ืึฑืœึนืงึถื™ืšึธ ืฉืื•ึนืึตืœ ืžึตืขึดืžึผึธืšึฐ ื›ึผึดื™ ืึดื ืœึฐื™ึดืจึฐืึธื”.

ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืœื’,ื‘

ื”ื ื•ืขื ืืœื™ืžืœืš ืžื‘ืืจ ืฉืฉื•ืืœ ืžืขืžืš, ืื™ืŸ ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ื“ื•ืจืฉ ืžืขืžืš, ืืœื ืžืœืฉื•ืŸ โ€ืฉืืœืช ื›ืœื™ืโ€œ ื•ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ืืจ ืืช ื”ืคืกื•ืง ืžื‘ื™ื ืจืณ ืืœื™ืžืœืš ืžืœื™ื–ืณื ืกืง ืžืฉืœ ืœืื“ื ืฉืจื•ืฆื” ืœืฉืœื•ื— ืœื—ื‘ืจื• ืฉืžืŸ ื•ื“ื‘ืฉ ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื›ืœื™ื ื ืื™ื ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื, ืฉื•ืืœ ืžื—ื‘ืจื• ืืช ื”ื›ืœื™ื ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื ื•ืžืฉื’ืจ ื‘ื”ื ืืช ื”ืฉืžืŸ ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืฉ. ื”ื ืžืฉืœโ€”ื”ืื“ื ื”ื•ื ื”ื›ืœื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืฉืคืข ื”ืืœื•ืงื™, ื”ืงื‘ืดื” ืฉื•ืืœ ืžืืชื ื• ืืช ื”ื›ืœื™ ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืืช ืขืฆืžื ื•, ืื•ืœื ื ื•ืชืŸ ืœื ื• ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื›ืœื™ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ืชืื ืœืฉืคืข ื”ืื™ื ืกื•ืคื™ ื›ืฉื ืขื‘ื•ื“ ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืžื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืคืกื•ืง ื•ืื– ื™ืฉืืœ ืžืืชื ื• ืืช ื”ื›ืœื™ ืœึฐื˜ื•ึนื‘ ืœึธืšึฐโ€”ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื˜ื™ื‘ ืขื™ืžื ื•.

ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ืืจื ืจื™ื™ืš, ืจืืฉ ื›ื•ืœืœ โ€ืืจืฅ ื—ืžื“ื”โ€œ, ืžึธื” ื“ืณ ืึฑืœึนืงึถื™ืšึธ ืฉืึนืึตืœ ืžึตืขึดืžึผึธืšึฐ?

ื”ืณ asks to โ€œborrowโ€ our ื™ืจืืช ืฉืžื™ื, our awe of the Divine, that we freely choose to acknowledge, so that He can โ€œfillโ€ it will all the ืžืฆื•ื•ืช that will allow us to fulfill the ultimate purpose of creation.

[T]he Torahโ€™s main objective is the translation of the numinous into the kerygmaticโ€ฆ

Rabbi Joseph B. Soloveitchik, Worship of the Heart, p. 85

We need to spread that feeling of ื ื•ืจื to the rest of the world, not so much by preaching as by being an example.

ื” ืœื›ื• ื•ืจืื• ืžืคืขืœื•ืช ืืœืงื™ื; ื ื•ืจื ืขืœื™ืœื” ืขืœ ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ืืƒ
ื• ื”ืคืš ื™ื ืœื™ื‘ืฉื” ื‘ื ื”ืจ ื™ืขื‘ืจื• ื‘ืจื’ืœ; ืฉื ื ืฉืžื—ื” ื‘ื•ืƒ
ื– ืžืฉืœ ื‘ื’ื‘ื•ืจืชื• ืขื•ืœื ืขื™ื ื™ื• ื‘ื’ื•ื™ื ืชืฆืคื™ื ื”;
ื”ืกื•ืจืจื™ื ืืœ ื™ืจื™ืžื• (ื™ืจื•ืžื•) ืœืžื• ืกืœื”ืƒ

ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืคืจืง ืกื•

That sense of ื ื•ืจื, of the numinous, is in the experience of miracle; ืขืœื™ืœื” means deeds that have a cause, a reason (Google translates ืœืขืœื™ืœ ื•ืขืœื•ืœ as โ€œfor all intents and purposesโ€).

ืขืœื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืฉืจืฉื ืžื›ื— ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืžื•ืกืจื™ื•ืช, ื•ืืฆืœ ื”ืณ ื”ื ืคืœืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขืฉื” ืฉืฉืจืฉื ืžืคืืช ืชื›ื•ื ืช ื”ืฆื“ืง ื•ื”ืžื™ืฉืจื™ื ื•ื™ืชืจ ืžื“ื•ืชื™ื•.

ืžืœื‘ื™ืดื ื‘ืื•ืจ ื”ืžื™ืœื•ืช, ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืกื•:ื”

The open miracles of ืงืจื™ืขืช ื™ื ืกื•ืฃ and ืงืจืขื™ืช ื”ื™ืจื“ืŸ, and we sang ืฉื™ืจื” there (ืฉื ื ืฉืžื—ื” ื‘ื•), but Radak points out that ื ืฉืžื—ื” is in the future tense. It is a hint to the ultimate ื’ืื•ืœื” which will also be an awesome miracle:

ืฉื. ื’ื ื›ืŸ ื ืฉืžื—ื” ื‘ื• ื‘ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืื•ืชื ื• ืžื’ืœื•ืช.

ืจื“ืดืง, ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืกื•:ื•

ื˜ื• ื•ื”ื—ืจื™ื ื”ืณ ืืช ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื™ื ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ื”ื ื™ืฃ ื™ื“ื• ืขืœ ื”ื ื”ืจ ื‘ืขื™ื ืจื•ื—ื•; ื•ื”ื›ื”ื• ืœืฉื‘ืขื” ื ื—ืœื™ื ื•ื”ื“ืจื™ืš ื‘ื ืขืœื™ืืƒ ื˜ื– ื•ื”ื™ืชื” ืžืกืœื” ืœืฉืืจ ืขืžื• ืืฉืจ ื™ืฉืืจ ืžืืฉื•ืจ; ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื™ื•ื ืขืœืชื• ืžืืจืฅ ืžืฆืจื™ืืƒ

ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื• ืคืจืง ื™ื

In the bigger picture, the most inspiring miracle is the survival of the Jewish people:

ื— ื‘ืจื›ื• ืขืžื™ื ืืœืงื™ื ื•; ื•ื”ืฉืžื™ืขื• ืงื•ืœ ืชื”ืœืชื•ืƒ
ื˜ ื”ืฉื ื ืคืฉื ื• ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื; ื•ืœื ื ืชืŸ ืœืžื•ื˜ ืจื’ืœื ื•ืƒ
ื™ ื›ื™ ื‘ื—ื ืชื ื• ืืœืงื™ื; ืฆืจืคืชื ื• ื›ืฆืจืฃ ื›ืกืฃืƒ
ื™ื ื”ื‘ืืชื ื• ื‘ืžืฆื•ื“ื”; ืฉืžืช ืžื•ืขืงื” ื‘ืžืชื ื™ื ื•ืƒ
ื™ื‘ ื”ืจื›ื‘ืช ืื ื•ืฉ ืœืจืืฉื ื•; ื‘ืื ื• ื‘ืืฉ ื•ื‘ืžื™ื; ื•ืชื•ืฆื™ืื ื• ืœืจื•ื™ื”ืƒ

ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืคืจืง ืกื•

We all known Mark Twainโ€™s essay, Concerning the Jews:

If the statistics are right, the Jews constitute but one per cent. of the human race. It suggests a nebulous dim puff of star-dust lost in the blaze of the Milky Way. Properly the Jew ought hardly to be heard of; but he is heard of, has always been heard of. He is as prominent on the planet as any other people, and his commercial importance is extravagantly out of proportion to the smallness of his bulk. His contributions to the worldโ€™s list of great names in literature, science, art, music, finance, medicine, and abstruse learning are also away out of proportion to the weakness of his numbers.

He has made a marvellous fight in this world, in all the ages; and has done it with his hands tied behind him. He could be vain of himself, and be excused for it. The Egyptian, the Babylonian, and the Persian rose, filled the planet with sound and splendor, then faded to dream-stuff and passed away; the Greek and the Roman followed, and made a vast noise, and they are gone; other peoples have sprung up and held their torch high for a time, but it burned out, and they sit in twilight now, or have vanished.

The Jew saw them all, beat them all, and is now what he always was, exhibiting no decadence, no infirmities of age, no weakening of his parts, no slowing of his energies, no dulling of his alert and aggressive mind. All things are mortal but the Jew; all other forces pass, but he remains. What is the secret of his immortality?

Mark Twain, Concerning the Jews

He doesnโ€™t answer the question, but earlier in the essay he has a wry Twain-ian comment:

Last week in Vienna a hailstorm struck the prodigious Central Cemetery and made wasteful destruction there. In the Christian part of it, according to the official figures, 621 window-panes were broken; more than 900 singing-birds were killed; five great trees and many small ones were torn to shreds and the shreds scattered far and wide by the wind; the ornamental plants and other decorations of the graves were ruined, and more than a hundred tomb-lanterns shattered; and it took the cemeteryโ€™s whole force of 300 laborers more than three days to clear away the stormโ€™s wreckage. In the report occurs this remarkโ€”and in its italics you can hear it grit its Christian teeth โ€œโ€ฆlediglich die israelitische Abtheilung des Friedhofes vom Hagelwetter ganzlich verschont worden warโ€ [Google translate: only the Israelite section of the cemetery had been completely spared from the hailstorm]. Not a hailstone hit the Jewish reservation! Such nepotism makes me tired.

Mark Twain, Concerning the Jews

The secret of Jewish immortality is Divine nepotism.

ื•ืืžืจืช ืืœ ืคืจืขื”; ื›ื” ืืžืจ ื”ืณ ื‘ื ื™ ื‘ื›ืจื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœืƒ

ืฉืžื•ืช ื“:ื›ื‘

But that is all the direct manifestation of ื”ืณ in the world. The psalmist wants to make it relevant, kerygmatic.

ื™ื’ ืื‘ื•ื ื‘ื™ืชืš ื‘ืขื•ืœื•ืช; ืืฉืœื ืœืš ื ื“ืจื™ืƒ
ื™ื“ ืืฉืจ ืคืฆื• ืฉืคืชื™; ื•ื“ื‘ืจ ืคื™ ื‘ืฆืจ ืœื™ืƒ
ื˜ื• ืขืœื•ืช ืžื™ื—ื™ื ืืขืœื” ืœืš ืขื ืงื˜ืจืช ืื™ืœื™ื;
ืืขืฉื” ื‘ืงืจ ืขื ืขืชื•ื“ื™ื ืกืœื”ืƒ

ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืคืจืง ืกื•

Sacrifices are one thing, but they are not the point. The psalmist addresses ื›ืœ ื™ืจืื™ ืืœืงื™ื , the ones who feel the ื ื•ืจื and need to translate that into action.

ื˜ื– ืœื›ื• ืฉืžืขื• ื•ืืกืคืจื” ื›ืœ ื™ืจืื™ ืืœืงื™ื; ืืฉืจ ืขืฉื” ืœื ืคืฉื™ืƒ
ื™ื– ืืœื™ื• ืคื™ ืงืจืืชื™; ื•ืจื•ืžื ืชื—ืช ืœืฉื•ื ื™ืƒ
ื™ื— ืื•ืŸ ืื ืจืื™ืชื™ ื‘ืœื‘ื™ ืœื ื™ืฉืžืข ืื“ื ึพื™ืƒ
ื™ื˜ ืื›ืŸ ืฉืžืข ืืœืงื™ื; ื”ืงืฉื™ื‘ ื‘ืงื•ืœ ืชืคืœืชื™ืƒ
ื› ื‘ืจื•ืš ืืœืงื™ื ืืฉืจ ืœื ื”ืกื™ืจ ืชืคืœืชื™ ื•ื—ืกื“ื• ืžืืชื™ืƒ

ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืคืจืง ืกื•

I thank ื”ืณ that I still have my ืชืคืœื”. That is how to use ื™ืจืื”, to tell the world, ื–ืžืจื• ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื•:

ื‘ืจื•ืš: ืฉืขื–ืจื ื™ ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ื•ืœื ื”ืกื™ืจ ื•ื—ืกื“ื• ื”ื™ื” ืฉืืชืคืœืœ ืืœื™ื•.

ืื‘ืŸ ืขื–ืจื, ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืกื•:ื›

The next perek is similar, exhorting the entire world to praise ื”ืณ. It has an interesting background.

ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืขืดื” ื”ืจืื”ื• ื”ืงื‘ืดื” ื‘ืจื•ื— ื”ืงื“ืฉ ืžื–ืžื•ืจ โ€ืœืžื ืฆื— ื‘ื ื’ื™ื ื•ืช ืžื–ืžื•ืจ ืฉื™ืจ ืืœืงื™ื ื™ื—ื ื ื• ื•ื›ื•ืณโ€œ ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื˜ืก ืฉืœ ื–ื”ื‘ ืžื•ืคื– ืขืฉื•ื™ ื‘ืฆื•ืจืช ืžื ื•ืจื”โ€ฆื•ื”ื™ื” ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืขืดื” ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื” ื”ืžื–ืžื•ืจ ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื•ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ืจ ื•ื—ืงื•ืง ื‘ืžื’ื™ื ื• ื‘ื˜ืก ืฉืœ ื–ื”ื‘ ื›ืฆื•ืจืช ืžื ื•ืจื”. ื›ืฉื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ืฆื ืœืžืœื—ืžื” ื•ื”ื™ื” ืžื›ื•ื™ืŸ ืกื•ื“ื• ื•ื”ื™ื” ื ื•ืฆื— ืื•ืชื ื•ืื•ื™ื‘ื™ื• ื ื•ืคืœื™ื ืœืคื ื™ื•โ€ฆื”ืขืชื™ืงื• ืžื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ื™ื“ ื”ืงื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืžื”ืจืฉืดืœ ื–ืดืœ ื•ืฉื ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื•ื ืคืœืื•ืช ื”ืจืžื•ื–ื•ืช ื‘ืžื–ืžื•ืจ ื”ื ื–ื›ืจ.

ื—ื™ื“ืดื, ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืงื“ืžื•ืช, ืžืขืจื›ืช ื“:ื›ื‘

"ืฉื™ื•ื•ื™ืชื™" ืขื ืžื–ืžื•ืจ ืก"ื– ื‘ืฆื•ืจืช ื”ืžื ื•ืจื”

Wikipedia, ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืกืดื–

Setting aside the kabbalistic ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื•ื ืคืœืื•ืช and the midrashic meaning of the ืžื’ืŸ ื“ื•ื“, writing this perek ื‘ืฆื•ืจืช ืžื ื•ืจื” makes the chiastic structure of the perek clear. Turning it on its side (note that the psukim are now bottom to top) shows the structure:

"ืฉื™ื•ื•ื™ืชื™" ืขื ืžื–ืžื•ืจ ืก"ื– ื‘ืฆื•ืจืช ื”ืžื ื•ืจื”

ื ืœืžื ืฆื— ื‘ื ื’ื™ื ืช ืžื–ืžื•ืจ ืฉื™ืจืƒ

ื‘ ืืœืงื™ื ื™ื—ื ื ื• ื•ื™ื‘ืจื›ื ื•; ื™ืืจ ืคื ื™ื• ืืชื ื• ืกืœื”ืƒ

ื’ ืœื“ืขืช ื‘ืืจืฅ ื“ืจื›ืš; ื‘ื›ืœ ื’ื•ื™ื ื™ืฉื•ืขืชืšืƒ

ื“ ื™ื•ื“ื•ืš ืขืžื™ื ืืœืงื™ื; ื™ื•ื“ื•ืš ืขืžื™ื ื›ืœืืƒ

ื” ื™ืฉืžื—ื• ื•ื™ืจื ื ื• ืœืืžื™ื;
ื›ื™ ืชืฉืคื˜ ืขืžื™ื ืžื™ืฉืจ; ื•ืœืืžื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ ืชื ื—ื ืกืœื”ืƒ

ื• ื™ื•ื“ื•ืš ืขืžื™ื ืืœืงื™ื; ื™ื•ื“ื•ืš ืขืžื™ื ื›ืœืืƒ

ื– ืืจืฅ ื ืชื ื” ื™ื‘ื•ืœื”; ื™ื‘ืจื›ื ื• ืืœืงื™ื ืืœืงื™ื ื•ืƒ

ื— ื™ื‘ืจื›ื ื• ืืœืงื™ื; ื•ื™ื™ืจืื• ืื•ืชื• ื›ืœ ืืคืกื™ ืืจืฅืƒ

ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืคืจืง ืกื–

It starts with ืืœืงื™ื ื™ื—ื ื ื• ื•ื™ื‘ืจื›ื ื• and ends with ื™ื‘ืจื›ื ื• ืืœืงื™ื, then pairs ืœื“ืขืช ื‘ืืจืฅ ื“ืจื›ืš with ืืจืฅ ื ืชื ื” ื™ื‘ื•ืœื”, then uses the same pasuk twice, ื™ื•ื“ื•ืš ืขืžื™ื ืืœืงื™ื and centers the chiasmus on ื™ืฉืžื—ื• ื•ื™ืจื ื ื• ืœืืžื™ื ื›ื™ ืชืฉืคื˜ ืขืžื™ื ืžื™ืฉืจ.

The other structural aspect of this perek is that it contains 49 words, corresponding to the days of the Omer (7x7), and we have the minhag to recite it as part of counting the Omer.

I asked ChatGPT why we recite Psalm 67 when we count the Omer.

Psalm 67 (Chapter 67) is not recited during the counting of the Omer. The most common chapter recited during the Omer period is Psalm 49 (Chapter 49). Psalm 49 is chosen because it includes a verse that refers to โ€œarbitrary Arab wealth,โ€ thereby fulfilling the Omer tradition. This chapter is included in the sequence of the eighteen blessings (Amidah) between Maimonides' and the Sephardic versions, and it is recited for the first time on the evening of the fifth day of the Omer, preceding the prayer on the sixth day. In Jewish tradition, the counting of the Omer is the order of counting the Omer offering, which is observed by the priests from the offering of the Omer on the second day of Passover until the holiday of Shavuot, beginning on the evening after the holy Sabbath following Passover.

ChatGPTโ€™s response (on May 24, 2023)

That is so far from the truth that it isnโ€™t even wrong. There isnโ€™t a correct statement in there. The only conclusion I can come to is that this perek is so deep and mystical that it causes hallucinations in artificial intelligences. So that isnโ€™t very useful.

Letโ€™s look at this perek.

ื ืœืžื ืฆื— ื‘ื ื’ื™ื ืช ืžื–ืžื•ืจ ืฉื™ืจืƒ
ื‘ ืืœืงื™ื ื™ื—ื ื ื• ื•ื™ื‘ืจื›ื ื•; ื™ืืจ ืคื ื™ื• ืืชื ื• ืกืœื”ืƒ

ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืคืจืง ืกื–

The expression of ื™ื—ื ื ื• ื•ื™ื‘ืจื›ื ื•; ื™ืืจ ืคื ื™ื• ืืชื ื• is clearly an allusion to ื‘ืจื›ืช ื›ื”ื ื™ื:

ื›ื‘ ื•ื™ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืณ ืืœ ืžืฉื” ืœืืžืจืƒ ื›ื’ ื“ื‘ืจ ืืœ ืื”ืจืŸ ื•ืืœ ื‘ื ื™ื• ืœืืžืจ ื›ื” ืชื‘ืจื›ื• ืืช ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ; ืืžื•ืจ ืœื”ืืƒ

ื›ื“ ื™ื‘ืจื›ืš ื”ืณ ื•ื™ืฉืžืจืšืƒ

ื›ื” ื™ืืจ ื”ืณ ืคื ื™ื• ืืœื™ืš ื•ื™ื—ื ืšืƒ

ื›ื• ื™ืฉื ื”ืณ ืคื ื™ื• ืืœื™ืš ื•ื™ืฉื ืœืš ืฉืœื•ืืƒ

ื›ื– ื•ืฉืžื• ืืช ืฉืžื™ ืขืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ; ื•ืื ื™ ืื‘ืจื›ืืƒ

ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืคืจืง ื•

But itโ€™s missing the last verse: ื™ืฉื ื”ืณ ืคื ื™ื• ืืœื™ืš. We looked at these ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช in ืคืจืฉืช ื ืฉื ืชืฉืคืดื‘. Rashi explains ื™ืืจ ืคื ื™ื•:

ื™ืืจ ื”ืฉื ืคื ื™ื• ืืœื™ืš: ื™ึทืจึฐืึถื” ืœึฐืšึธ ืคึผึธื ึดื™ื ืฉื‚ื•ึนื—ึฒืงื•ึนืช, ืคึผึธื ึดื™ื ืฆึฐื”ึปื‘ึผื•ึนืช.

ืจืฉืดื™, ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื•:ื›ื”

We know what a smiling yellow face is:

๐Ÿ˜Š

But Rashi explains the next verse very differently:

ื™ืฉื ื”ืณ ืคื ื™ื• ืืœื™ืš: ื™ึดื›ึฐื‘ึผึนืฉื ื›ึผึทืขึฒืกื•ึน.

ืจืฉืดื™, ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื•:ื›ื•

ื™ึธืึตืจ ื”ืณ ื•ื’ื•ืณ: ืฉืึถื™ึผึทื‘ึผึดื™ื˜ ื‘ึผึฐืšึธ ื‘ึผึฐืคึธื ึดื™ื ืžึฐืึดื™ืจื•ึนืช ื•ึฐืœึนื ื‘ึผึฐืคึธื ึดื™ื ื–ึฐืขื•ึผืžื•ึนืช.

ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืจื‘ื” ื™ื:ื•

ื™ืฉื ื”ืณ ืคื ื™ื• ืืœื™ืš ื•ื’ื•ืณ: ื™ืขื‘ื™ืจ ื›ืขืกื• ืžืžืš, ื•ืื™ืŸ โ€ื™ืฉืโ€œ ืืœื ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืกืจื”โ€ฆโ€ืคื ื™ื•โ€œ, ืืœื• ืคื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื–ืขืโ€ฆื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืื•ืชื ืคื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื–ืขื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืจืื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื‘ื•ื ืืœื™ืš ื™ืกื™ืจื ืžืžืš.

ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืจื‘ื” ื™ื:ื–

๐Ÿ˜ 

The third verse is not synonymous with the second. The second, ื™ืืจ ืคื ื™ื•, is that ื”ืณ should be happy with you. The third, ื™ืฉื ืคื ื™ื•, is that when ื”ืณ is angry, He should not show you His face. ื™ืฉื ื”ืณ ืคื ื™ื• ืืœื™ืš should be parsed as โ€œMay ื”ืณ take away His ืคื ื™ื• ืืœื™ืš, the angry face that He is going to show youโ€.

This is a highly startling โ€œblessingโ€! Would not โ€œMay the Lord not be angry with you!โ€ be more of a blessing?

Rabbi Dr. David Mescheloff, Parshat Naso: Birkat Kohanimโ€”G-dโ€™s Eternal Blessing

We explained that ื‘ืจื›ืช ื›ื”ื ื™ื acknowledges that we are not perfect, that we donโ€™t always deserve ื‘ืจื›ื”. But even then, we can ask for ื”ืณ's ืจื—ืžื™ื, that he โ€œturn asideโ€ and overlook our imperfections.

But our perek here leaves that thought out. It is all positive, all about the divine โ€œlightโ€ that we keep coming back to. That is the image of the menorah, that spreads its light out to the world.

ื•ื™ืขืฉ ืœื‘ื™ืช ื—ืœื•ื ื™ ืฉืงืคื™ื ืื˜ื•ืžื™ืืƒ

ืžืœื›ื™ื ื ื•:ื“

ื•ื™ืขืฉ ืœื‘ื™ืช ื—ืœื•ื ื™ ืฉืงื•ืคื™ื ืื˜ื•ืžื™ื: ืชื ื ืฉืงื•ืคื™ืŸ ืžื‘ืคื ื™ื ื•ืื˜ื•ืžื™ื ืžื‘ื—ื•ืฅ: ืœื ืœืื•ืจื” ืื ื™ ืฆืจื™ืš.

ืžื ื—ื•ืช ืคื•,ื‘

ืชื“ืข ื›ืฉืื“ื ื‘ื•ื ื” ื‘ื™ืช ืขื•ืฉื” ืœื• ื—ืœื•ื ื•ืช ืฆืจื•ืช ืžื‘ื—ื•ืฅ ื•ืจื—ื‘ื•ืช ืžื‘ืคื ื™ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื”ื ื”ืื•ืจ ื ื›ื ืก ืžื‘ื—ื•ืฅ ื•ืžืื™ืจ ืžื‘ืคื ื™ื, ื•ืฉืœืžื” ืฉื‘ื ื” ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ืœื ืขืฉื” ื›ืš ืืœื ืขืฉื” ื—ืœื•ื ื•ืช ืฆืจื•ืช ืžื‘ืคื ื™ื ื•ืจื—ื‘ื•ืช ืžื‘ื—ื•ืฅ, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื”ื ื”ืื•ืจ ื™ื•ืฆื ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื•ืžืื™ืจ ืœื—ื•ืฅ, ืฉื ืืžืจ: โ€ื•ื™ืขืฉ ืœื‘ื™ืช ื—ืœื•ื ื™ ืฉืงืคื™ื ืื˜ื•ืžื™ืโ€œ, ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืขืš ืฉื›ืœื• ืื•ืจ ื•ืื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืื•ืจื.

ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืจื‘ื” ื˜ื•:ื‘

And that is the connection with the Omer. As we said above and in Blueprints, the ืกืคื™ืจื•ืช represent the way we classify that divine โ€œlightโ€, refracted through our sensations of the universe around us, and through our own actions. The period of the Omer is when we are supposed to work on those ืžื™ื“ื•ืช, so we become the prism about which we can say, ื™ืืจ ืคื ื™ื• ืืชื ื•. The first pasuk of ื‘ืจื›ืช ื›ื”ื ื™ื and the first half of our pasuk here, ืืœืงื™ื ื™ื—ื ื ื• ื•ื™ื‘ืจื›ื ื•, is for our own ื‘ืจื›ื”, that we are prosperous. The second is that we should spread that light to others.

ื•ืจืื” ืืช ื”ื›ืกื ื›ืžืจืื” ืื‘ืŸ ืกืคื™ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœืงื‘ืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืžืจืื•ืชโ€ฆื•ื—ื–ื” ื”ืฉืคืข ื”ื™ื•ืจื“ืช ืžื”ืืœืงื•ืชโ€ฆื‘ืฉื‘ืขื” ื’ื•ื•ื ื™ ื”ืงืฉืชโ€ฆื•ื ืงืจื ืื‘ืŸ ืกืคื™ืจ ืขืœ ืฉืโ€ฆืฉืžื•ืฉืš ื”ื›ื— ืžื”ืกืคื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืœืžืขืœื”.

ืžืœื‘ื™ืดื, ืฉืžื•ืช ื›ื“:ื™

And through us, the light spreads through the world.

ื’ ืœื“ืขืช ื‘ืืจืฅ ื“ืจื›ืš; ื‘ื›ืœ ื’ื•ื™ื ื™ืฉื•ืขืชืšืƒ
ื“ ื™ื•ื“ื•ืš ืขืžื™ื ืืœืงื™ื; ื™ื•ื“ื•ืš ืขืžื™ื ื›ืœืืƒ

ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืคืจืง ืกื–

That is our mission, ืœืชืงืŸ ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืฉื“ึพื™. And that leads to the apex of the chiasmus:

ื™ืฉืžื—ื• ื•ื™ืจื ื ื• ืœืืžื™ื; ื›ื™ ืชืฉืคื˜ ืขืžื™ื ืžื™ืฉืจ; ื•ืœืืžื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ ืชื ื—ื ืกืœื”ืƒ

ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืกื–:ื”

We look to a day when the world will rejoice over the fact that ื”ืณ judges and leads them, ื•ื›ืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื‘ืฉืจ ื™ืงืจืื• ื‘ืฉืžืš.

The last stich is the consequence of ื™ื•ื“ื•ืš ืขืžื™ื ื›ืœื: the ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืฉื“ึพื™ leads to material prosperity.

ื• ื™ื•ื“ื•ืš ืขืžื™ื ืืœืงื™ื; ื™ื•ื“ื•ืš ืขืžื™ื ื›ืœืืƒ
ื– ืืจืฅ ื ืชื ื” ื™ื‘ื•ืœื”; ื™ื‘ืจื›ื ื• ืืœืงื™ื ืืœืงื™ื ื•ืƒ

ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืคืจืง ืกื–

And the last pasuk is parallel to the first, ืืœืงื™ื ื™ื—ื ื ื• ื•ื™ื‘ืจื›ื ื•. But now the psalmist makes the point that the goal for our prosperity, our ื‘ืจื›ื”, is to spread ื™ืจืืช ื”ืณ throughout the world.

ื™ื‘ืจื›ื ื• ืืœืงื™ื; ื•ื™ื™ืจืื• ืื•ืชื• ื›ืœ ืืคืกื™ ืืจืฅืƒ

ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืกื–:ื—

ืืจืฅ ื ืชื ื” ื™ื‘ื•ืœื” is not a reward in the sense of a payment for what we have done; it is a gift to allow us to move forward.

ื ืžืฆื ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื›ืœ ืื•ืชืŸ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื•ื”ืงืœืœื•ืช ืขืœ ื“ืจืš ื–ื•; ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืื ืขื‘ื“ืชื ืืช ื”ืณ ื‘ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ืฉืžืจืชื ื“ืจื›ื• ืžืฉืคื™ืข ืœื›ื ื”ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืืœื• ื•ืžืจื—ื™ืง ื”ืงืœืœื•ืช ืขื“ ืฉืชื”ื™ื• ืคื ื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ืชื—ื›ื ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชื–ื›ื• ืœื—ื™ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื ื•ื™ื™ื˜ื‘ ืœืš ืœืขื•ืœื ืฉื›ื•ืœื• ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืชืืจื™ืš ื™ืžื™ื ืœืขื•ืœื ืฉื›ื•ืœื• ืืจื•ืšโ€ฆ

ืžืฉื ื” ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื˜:ื•

Nothing we have in this world is because we deserve it; ื”ืณ gives us the benefits of this world in order to allow us to fulfill the ืชื•ืจื”. If you have done ืžื™ืฆื•ื•ืช, Hashem will give you the toolsโ€”health, wealth, influenceโ€”that will allow you to do more ืžื™ืฆื•ื•ืช. Itโ€™s like getting a second round of venture capital funding. At each stage, the funder looks at what youโ€™ve managed to do with what you had before deciding that you should get more money. The big payoff at the IPO doesnโ€™t happen until much later. So too, we need to realize that the gifts we have, that Hashem grants us, are tools, not rewards. We have to use them to give to others and then we will be granted more of those gifts.

And so this perek is symbolized by the menorah, spreading light throughout the world.

ื”ืžื–ืžื•ืจ ื ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืฆื•ืจืช ื”ืžื ื•ืจื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืกืžืœ ื”ืœืื•ื ืฉืœื ื•, ื•ื‘ื” ืžื“ืœื™ืงื™ื ืืช ื”ื ืจื•ืช ื›ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืฅโ€”ืœืœืžื“ื ื• ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœืžื ื•ืจื” ืฉืœื ื• ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืงื˜ืŸ ื•ืคืจื˜ื™ืงื•ืœืจื™, ืืœื ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกืœื™โ€”ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื•ืจ ืœื’ื•ื™ื™ื. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืืช ื”ืžื–ืžื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื‘ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ, ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื’ ื”ืคืกื— ืœื—ื’ ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ืื•ืœืชื ื• ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืชืŸ ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ื” ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืžืกืจ ื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกืœื™ ื•ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกืœื™ ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ.

ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื—ื™ื™ื ืžื ื—ื, ืœื“ืขืช ื‘ืืจืฅ ื“ืจื›ืš, ื‘ื›ืœ ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืฉื•ืขืชืš

But how does that connect to the ืžื’ืŸ ื“ื•ื“, that the ื—ื™ื“ื said ื›ืฉื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ืฆื ืœืžืœื—ืžื” ื•ื”ื™ื” ืžื›ื•ื™ืŸ ืกื•ื“ื• ื•ื”ื™ื” ื ื•ืฆื—? Note that this is not the hexagram (โœก) that we generally associate with the term ืžื’ืŸ ื“ื•ื“, but the menorah with ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืคืจืง ืกื–. I think the message of the midrash is that the โ€œrealโ€ David, the one we are meant to remember and tell the story of, is not the warrior of ืกืคืจ ืฉืžื•ืืœ but the psalmist of ืกืคืจ ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื. When he was ื™ื•ืฆื ืœืžืœื—ืžื”, ื”ื™ื” ืžื›ื•ื™ืŸ ืกื•ื“ื•, and realize that true victory was not a military conquest, but ื™ืฉืžื—ื• ื•ื™ืจื ื ื• ืœืืžื™ื.