ื‘ืกืดื“

Kavanot: Riders of the Lost Ark

Thoughts on Tanach and the Davening

When we last left off, David had tried to get the ืืจื•ืŸ to Jerusalem but failed. For three months, it sits in the house of ืขื‘ื“ ืื“ื.

ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื™ืžื“ื• ืืช ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจโ€”ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ืœื“ืจืš ื—ื“ืฉื” ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขืชื™ืงื•ืช ื›ืžื• ื ืฉื™ืืช ื”ืืจื•ืŸ ืจืง ื‘ื›ืชืฃ, ื•ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ื‘ื›ืš ืขืœ ืฉืจืฉืจืช ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืœ ืชื™ื ืชืง. ื›ืขื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ืช ืžื™ืœื” ืฉืœ ืื‘ื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืคืกื—, ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื.

ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื ื•ืŸ, ืขื’ืœื” ื—ื“ืฉื”? ื ืกืชืคืง ื‘ื–ื”

ื™ื ื•ื™ืฉื‘ ืืจื•ืŸ ื”ืณ ื‘ื™ืช ืขื‘ื“ ืื“ื ื”ื’ืชื™ ืฉืœืฉื” ื—ื“ืฉื™ื; ื•ื™ื‘ืจืš ื”ืณ ืืช ืขื‘ื“ ืื“ื ื•ืืช ื›ืœ ื‘ื™ืชื•ืƒ ื™ื‘ ื•ื™ื’ื“ ืœืžืœืš ื“ื•ื“ ืœืืžืจ ื‘ืจืš ื”ืณ ืืช ื‘ื™ืช ืขื‘ื“ ืื“ื ื•ืืช ื›ืœ ืืฉืจ ืœื• ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืืจื•ืŸ ื”ืืœืงื™ื; ื•ื™ืœืš ื“ื•ื“ ื•ื™ืขืœ ืืช ืืจื•ืŸ ื”ืืœืงื™ื ืžื‘ื™ืช ืขื‘ื“ ืื“ื ืขื™ืจ ื“ื•ื“ ื‘ืฉืžื—ื”ืƒ ื™ื’ ื•ื™ื”ื™ ื›ื™ ืฆืขื“ื• ื ืฉืื™ ืืจื•ืŸ ื”ืณ ืฉืฉื” ืฆืขื“ื™ื; ื•ื™ื–ื‘ื— ืฉื•ืจ ื•ืžืจื™ืืƒ ื™ื“ ื•ื“ื•ื“ ืžื›ืจื›ืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ืขื– ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืณ; ื•ื“ื•ื“ ื—ื’ื•ืจ ืืคื•ื“ ื‘ื“ืƒ ื˜ื• ื•ื“ื•ื“ ื•ื›ืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืขืœื™ื ืืช ืืจื•ืŸ ื”ืณ ื‘ืชืจื•ืขื” ื•ื‘ืงื•ืœ ืฉื•ืคืจืƒ ื˜ื– ื•ื”ื™ื” ืืจื•ืŸ ื”ืณ ื‘ื ืขื™ืจ ื“ื•ื“; ื•ืžื™ื›ืœ ื‘ืช ืฉืื•ืœ ื ืฉืงืคื” ื‘ืขื“ ื”ื—ืœื•ืŸ ื•ืชืจื ืืช ื”ืžืœืš ื“ื•ื“ ืžืคื–ื– ื•ืžื›ืจื›ืจ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืณ ื•ืชื‘ื– ืœื• ื‘ืœื‘ื”ืƒ ื™ื– ื•ื™ื‘ืื• ืืช ืืจื•ืŸ ื”ืณ ื•ื™ืฆื’ื• ืืชื• ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื• ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืื”ืœ ืืฉืจ ื ื˜ื” ืœื• ื“ื•ื“; ื•ื™ืขืœ ื“ื•ื“ ืขืœื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืณ ื•ืฉืœืžื™ืืƒ ื™ื— ื•ื™ื›ืœ ื“ื•ื“ ืžื”ืขืœื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื” ื•ื”ืฉืœืžื™ื; ื•ื™ื‘ืจืš ืืช ื”ืขื ื‘ืฉื ื”ืณ ืฆื‘ืื•ืชืƒ ื™ื˜ ื•ื™ื—ืœืง ืœื›ืœ ื”ืขื ืœื›ืœ ื”ืžื•ืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืžืื™ืฉ ื•ืขื“ ืืฉื” ืœืื™ืฉ ื—ืœืช ืœื—ื ืื—ืช ื•ืืฉืคืจ ืื—ื“ ื•ืืฉื™ืฉื” ืื—ืช; ื•ื™ืœืš ื›ืœ ื”ืขื ืื™ืฉ ืœื‘ื™ืชื•ืƒ ื› ื•ื™ืฉื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ืœื‘ืจืš ืืช ื‘ื™ืชื•;
ื•ืชืฆื ืžื™ื›ืœ ื‘ืช ืฉืื•ืœ ืœืงืจืืช ื“ื•ื“ ื•ืชืืžืจ ืžื” ื ื›ื‘ื“ ื”ื™ื•ื ืžืœืš ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืืฉืจ ื ื’ืœื” ื”ื™ื•ื ืœืขื™ื ื™ ืืžื”ื•ืช ืขื‘ื“ื™ื• ื›ื”ื’ืœื•ืช ื ื’ืœื•ืช ืื—ื“ ื”ืจืงื™ืืƒ ื›ื ื•ื™ืืžืจ ื“ื•ื“ ืืœ ืžื™ื›ืœ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืณ ืืฉืจ ื‘ื—ืจ ื‘ื™ ืžืื‘ื™ืš ื•ืžื›ืœ ื‘ื™ืชื• ืœืฆื•ืช ืืชื™ ื ื’ื™ื“ ืขืœ ืขื ื”ืณ ืขืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ; ื•ืฉื—ืงืชื™ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืณืƒ ื›ื‘ ื•ื ืงืœืชื™ ืขื•ื“ ืžื–ืืช ื•ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฉืคืœ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™; ื•ืขื ื”ืืžื”ื•ืช ืืฉืจ ืืžืจืช ืขืžื ืื›ื‘ื“ื”ืƒ ื›ื’ ื•ืœืžื™ื›ืœ ื‘ืช ืฉืื•ืœ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœื” ื™ืœื“ ืขื“ ื™ื•ื ืžื•ืชื”ืƒ

ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื‘ ืคืจืง ื•

The story as presented in ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื has a very different emphasis:

ื ื•ื™ืขืฉ ืœื• ื‘ืชื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื“ื•ื™ื“; ื•ื™ื›ืŸ ืžืงื•ื ืœืืจื•ืŸ ื”ืืœืงื™ื ื•ื™ื˜ ืœื• ืื”ืœืƒ ื‘ ืื– ืืžืจ ื“ื•ื™ื“ ืœื ืœืฉืืช ืืช ืืจื•ืŸ ื”ืืœืงื™ื ื›ื™ ืื ื”ืœื•ื™ื; ื›ื™ ื‘ื ื‘ื—ืจ ื”ืณ ืœืฉืืช ืืช ืืจื•ืŸ ื”ืณ ื•ืœืฉืจืชื• ืขื“ ืขื•ืœืืƒ

ื’ ื•ื™ืงื”ืœ ื“ื•ื™ื“ ืืช ื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืืœ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืืช ืืจื•ืŸ ื”ืณ ืืœ ืžืงื•ืžื• ืืฉืจ ื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืœื•ืƒ

ื“ ื•ื™ืืกืฃ ื“ื•ื™ื“ ืืช ื‘ื ื™ ืื”ืจืŸ ื•ืืช ื”ืœื•ื™ืืƒ

ื” ืœื‘ื ื™ ืงื”ืช ืื•ืจื™ืืœ ื”ืฉืจ ื•ืื—ื™ื• ืžืื” ื•ืขืฉืจื™ืืƒ

ื• ืœื‘ื ื™ ืžืจืจื™ ืขืฉื™ื” ื”ืฉืจ ื•ืื—ื™ื• ืžืืชื™ื ื•ืขืฉืจื™ืืƒ

ื– ืœื‘ื ื™ ื’ืจืฉื•ื ื™ื•ืืœ ื”ืฉืจ ื•ืื—ื™ื• ืžืื” ื•ืฉืœืฉื™ืืƒ

ื— ืœื‘ื ื™ ืืœื™ืฆืคืŸ ืฉืžืขื™ื” ื”ืฉืจ ื•ืื—ื™ื• ืžืืชื™ืืƒ

ื˜ ืœื‘ื ื™ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ ืืœื™ืืœ ื”ืฉืจ ื•ืื—ื™ื• ืฉืžื•ื ื™ืืƒ

ื™ ืœื‘ื ื™ ืขื–ื™ืืœ; ืขืžื™ื ื“ื‘ ื”ืฉืจ ื•ืื—ื™ื• ืžืื” ื•ืฉื ื™ื ืขืฉืจืƒ

ื™ื ื•ื™ืงืจื ื“ื•ื™ื“ ืœืฆื“ื•ืง ื•ืœืื‘ื™ืชืจ ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื; ื•ืœืœื•ื™ื ืœืื•ืจื™ืืœ ืขืฉื™ื” ื•ื™ื•ืืœ ืฉืžืขื™ื” ื•ืืœื™ืืœ ื•ืขืžื™ื ื“ื‘ืƒ

ื™ื‘ ื•ื™ืืžืจ ืœื”ื ืืชื ืจืืฉื™ ื”ืื‘ื•ืช ืœืœื•ื™ื; ื”ืชืงื“ืฉื• ืืชื ื•ืื—ื™ื›ื ื•ื”ืขืœื™ืชื ืืช ืืจื•ืŸ ื”ืณ ืืœืงื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืืœ ื”ื›ื™ื ื•ืชื™ ืœื•ืƒ ื™ื’ ื›ื™ ืœืžื‘ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืœื ืืชื ืคืจืฅ ื”ืณ ืืœืงื™ื ื• ื‘ื ื• ื›ื™ ืœื ื“ืจืฉื ื”ื• ื›ืžืฉืคื˜ืƒ ื™ื“ ื•ื™ืชืงื“ืฉื• ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื ื•ื”ืœื•ื™ื ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืืช ืืจื•ืŸ ื”ืณ ืืœืงื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœืƒ ื˜ื• ื•ื™ืฉืื• ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืœื•ื™ื ืืช ืืจื•ืŸ ื”ืืœืงื™ื ื›ืืฉืจ ืฆื•ื” ืžืฉื” ื›ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืณ ื‘ื›ืชืคื ื‘ืžื˜ื•ืช ืขืœื™ื”ืืƒ

ื˜ื– ื•ื™ืืžืจ ื“ื•ื™ื“ ืœืฉืจื™ ื”ืœื•ื™ื ืœื”ืขืžื™ื“ ืืช ืื—ื™ื”ื ื”ืžืฉืจืจื™ื ื‘ื›ืœื™ ืฉื™ืจ ื ื‘ืœื™ื ื•ื›ื ืจื•ืช ื•ืžืฆืœืชื™ื ืžืฉืžื™ืขื™ื ืœื”ืจื™ื ื‘ืงื•ืœ ืœืฉืžื—ื”ืƒ

ื™ื– ื•ื™ืขืžื™ื“ื• ื”ืœื•ื™ื ืืช ื”ื™ืžืŸ ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืืœ ื•ืžืŸ ืื—ื™ื• ืืกืฃ ื‘ืŸ ื‘ืจื›ื™ื”ื•;
ื•ืžืŸ ื‘ื ื™ ืžืจืจื™ ืื—ื™ื”ื ืื™ืชืŸ ื‘ืŸ ืงื•ืฉื™ื”ื•ืƒ ื™ื— ื•ืขืžื”ื ืื—ื™ื”ื ื”ืžืฉื ื™ื; ื–ื›ืจื™ื”ื• ื‘ืŸ ื•ื™ืขื–ื™ืืœ ื•ืฉืžื™ืจืžื•ืช ื•ื™ื—ื™ืืœ ื•ืขื ื™ ืืœื™ืื‘ ื•ื‘ื ื™ื”ื• ื•ืžืขืฉื™ื”ื• ื•ืžืชืชื™ื”ื• ื•ืืœื™ืคืœื”ื• ื•ืžืงื ื™ื”ื• ื•ืขื‘ื“ ืื“ื ื•ื™ืขื™ืืœ ื”ืฉืขืจื™ืืƒ ื™ื˜ ื•ื”ืžืฉืจืจื™ื ื”ื™ืžืŸ ืืกืฃ ื•ืื™ืชืŸ ื‘ืžืฆืœืชื™ื ื ื—ืฉืช ืœื”ืฉืžื™ืขืƒ ื› ื•ื–ื›ืจื™ื” ื•ืขื–ื™ืืœ ื•ืฉืžื™ืจืžื•ืช ื•ื™ื—ื™ืืœ ื•ืขื ื™ ื•ืืœื™ืื‘ ื•ืžืขืฉื™ื”ื• ื•ื‘ื ื™ื”ื• ื‘ื ื‘ืœื™ื ืขืœ ืขืœืžื•ืชืƒ ื›ื ื•ืžืชืชื™ื”ื• ื•ืืœื™ืคืœื”ื• ื•ืžืงื ื™ื”ื• ื•ืขื‘ื“ ืื“ื ื•ื™ืขื™ืืœ ื•ืขื–ื–ื™ื”ื• ื‘ื›ื ืจื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืฉืžื™ื ื™ืช ืœื ืฆื—ืƒ ื›ื‘ ื•ื›ื ื ื™ื”ื• ืฉืจ ื”ืœื•ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉื ื™ืกืจ ื‘ืžืฉื ื›ื™ ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ืืƒ ื›ื’ ื•ื‘ืจื›ื™ื” ื•ืืœืงื ื” ืฉืขืจื™ื ืœืืจื•ืŸืƒ ื›ื“ ื•ืฉื‘ื ื™ื”ื• ื•ื™ื•ืฉืคื˜ ื•ื ืชื ืืœ ื•ืขืžืฉื™ ื•ื–ื›ืจื™ื”ื• ื•ื‘ื ื™ื”ื• ื•ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื ืžื—ืฆืฆืจื™ื (ืžื—ืฆืจื™ื) ื‘ื—ืฆืฆืจื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ืืจื•ืŸ ื”ืืœืงื™ื; ื•ืขื‘ื“ ืื“ื ื•ื™ื—ื™ื” ืฉืขืจื™ื ืœืืจื•ืŸืƒ ื›ื” ื•ื™ื”ื™ ื“ื•ื™ื“ ื•ื–ืงื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืฉืจื™ ื”ืืœืคื™ื; ื”ื”ืœื›ื™ื ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืืช ืืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ืณ ืžืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ืขื‘ื“ ืื“ื ื‘ืฉืžื—ื”ืƒ

ื›ื• ื•ื™ื”ื™ ื‘ืขื–ืจ ื”ืืœืงื™ื ืืช ื”ืœื•ื™ื ื ืฉืื™ ืืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ืณ; ื•ื™ื–ื‘ื—ื• ืฉื‘ืขื” ืคืจื™ื ื•ืฉื‘ืขื” ืื™ืœื™ืืƒ ื›ื– ื•ื“ื•ื™ื“ ืžื›ืจื‘ืœ ื‘ืžืขื™ืœ ื‘ื•ืฅ ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืœื•ื™ื ื”ื ืฉืื™ื ืืช ื”ืืจื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืžืฉืจืจื™ื ื•ื›ื ื ื™ื” ื”ืฉืจ ื”ืžืฉื ื”ืžืฉืจืจื™ื; ื•ืขืœ ื“ื•ื™ื“ ืืคื•ื“ ื‘ื“ืƒ ื›ื— ื•ื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืขืœื™ื ืืช ืืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ืณ ื‘ืชืจื•ืขื” ื•ื‘ืงื•ืœ ืฉื•ืคืจ ื•ื‘ื—ืฆืฆืจื•ืช ื•ื‘ืžืฆืœืชื™ื; ืžืฉืžืขื™ื ื‘ื ื‘ืœื™ื ื•ื›ื ืจื•ืชืƒ ื›ื˜ ื•ื™ื”ื™ ืืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ืณ ื‘ื ืขื“ ืขื™ืจ ื“ื•ื™ื“; ื•ืžื™ื›ืœ ื‘ืช ืฉืื•ืœ ื ืฉืงืคื” ื‘ืขื“ ื”ื—ืœื•ืŸ ื•ืชืจื ืืช ื”ืžืœืš ื“ื•ื™ื“ ืžืจืงื“ ื•ืžืฉื—ืง ื•ืชื‘ื– ืœื• ื‘ืœื‘ื”ืƒ

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื ืคืจืง ื˜ื•

Once more the difference in emphasis between Samuel and Chronicles is striking. In Samuel it states simply, โ€œand David went and brought the Arkโ€ and no mention of โ€œall Israelโ€.

Rabbi Moshe Eisemann, Artscroll Divrei Hayamim I, p. 217

ืžื™ื›ืœ ื‘ืช ืฉืื•ืœ ื•ื’ื•ืžืจ: ืœืคื™ ืฉืกืคืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื“ื•ื“ ื”ื•ื ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืื™ืŸ ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื›ืืŸ ืžื” ืืžืจื” ืžื™ื›ืœ ืœื“ื•ื“ ื›ืžื• ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืžื” ื ื›ื‘ื“ ื”ื™ื•ื ืžืœืš ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืืฉืจ ื ื’ืœื” ื”ื™ื•ื ืœืขื™ื ื™ ืืžื”ื•ืช ืขื‘ื“ื™ื• ื›ื”ื’ืœื•ืช ื ื’ืœื•ืช ืื—ื“ ื”ืจื™ืงื™ื ื›ื™ ื–ื™ืœื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื“ื•ื“ ื”ื™ื” ืฉืืžืจื” ืœื• ืืฉื” ื›ืŸ .

ืจืฉืดื™, ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื ื˜ื•:ื›ื˜

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื goes into a lot more detail about the ceremony and the ritual associated with the ืืจื•ืŸ, and this continues for another two chapters. ืกืคืจ ืฉืžื•ืืœ doesnโ€™t deal with the ืžืฉื›ืŸ/ืžืงื“ืฉ at all. From ืฉืžื•ืืœ's point of view, once the ืžืฉื›ืŸ is destroyed in chapter 4, it never comes back. ืกืคืจ ืฉืžื•ืืœ is more about David as person and as king. Iโ€™m interested in the religious side (as seen in ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื) and weโ€™ll spend several shiurim looking at ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื and the corresponding ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื.


One detail that ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื adds is ื•ื™ืขืฉ ืœื• ื‘ืชื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื“ื•ื™ื“; ื•ื™ื›ืŸ ืžืงื•ื ืœืืจื•ืŸ ื”ืืœืงื™ื ื•ื™ื˜ ืœื• ืื”ืœ. That phrase, ื•ื™ืขืฉ ืœื• ื‘ืชื™ื, is unusual (the usual verb is ื•ื™ื‘ืŸ) and itโ€™s unclear what it means here. David has already built the residential area of Jerusalem (ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื‘ ื”:ื˜)โ€Ž ื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ื“ื•ื“ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืžืŸ ื”ืžืœื•ื ื•ื‘ื™ืชื”, and he already has a palace: (ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื‘ ื”:ื™ื)โ€Žื•ื™ืฉืœื— ื—ื™ืจื ืžืœืš ืฆืจ ืžืœืื›ื™ืโ€ฆื•ื™ื‘ื ื• ื‘ื™ืช ืœื“ื•ื“. Rabbi Eisemann suggests itโ€™s a hint to the earlier use of the phrase:

ื•ื™ื”ื™ ื›ื™ ื™ืจืื• ื”ืžื™ืœื“ืช ืืช ื”ืืœืงื™ื; ื•ื™ืขืฉ ืœื”ื ื‘ืชื™ืืƒ

ืฉืžื•ืช ื:ื›ื

ื•ื™ืขืฉ ืœื”ื ื‘ืชื™ื: ื‘ืชื™ ื›ื”ื•ื ื” ื•ืœื•ื™ื” ื•ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืงืจื•ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืชื™ื (ืžืœื›ื™ื ื ื˜:ื) ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืณ ื•ืืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืœืš

ืจืฉืดื™, ืฉื

So this is David establishing not literal houses but the institutions of ื‘ืชื™ ื›ื”ื•ื ื” ื•ืžืœื›ื•ืช. On a more literal level, David builds a government complex, with his palace, offices and now a place for the ืืจื•ืŸ, anticipating that he will build the ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ. Metzudot understands ื•ื™ื›ืŸ ืžืงื•ื as just setting aside the place:

ื•ื™ื›ืŸ ื•ื›ื•ืณ: ื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืžืงื•ื ืขืœ ื”ืืจื•ืŸ ื•ืคื™ืจืฉ ืขืœื™ื• ืื•ื”ืœ.

ืžืฆื•ื“ืช ื“ื•ื“, ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื ื˜ื•:ื

But Malbim (following the Gra) says that David actually built a replacement ืžืฉื›ืŸ, like the one that was destroyed. It was a real building, just with a curtain roof:

ื•ื™ืขืฉ, ื•ื™ื›ืŸ ืžืงื•ื: ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ืŸ ืื‘ื ื™ื: ื•ื™ื˜ ืœื• ืื”ืœ: ืฉืœ ื™ืจื™ืขื•ืช ืžืœืžืขืœื”, ืฉืขื“ ืขืชื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืชื”ืœืš ื‘ืื”ืœ ื•ื‘ืžืฉื›ืŸ.

ืžืœื‘ื™ืดื, ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื ื˜ื•:ื

ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื ื›ื ืกื• ืœืืจืฅ, ื”ืขืžื™ื“ื• ื”ืžืฉื›ืŸ ื‘ื’ืœื’ืœ ืืจื‘ืข ืขืฉืจื” ืฉื ื” ืฉื›ื‘ืฉื• ื•ืฉื—ืœืงื•. ื•ืžืฉื ื‘ืื• ืœืฉื™ืœื”, ื•ื‘ื ื• ืฉื ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืื‘ื ื™ื; ื•ืคืจืกื• ื™ืจื™ืขื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื›ืŸ ืขืœื™ื•, ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉื ืชืงืจื”. ื•ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืžืื•ืช ื•ืชืฉืข ื•ืฉื™ืฉื™ื ืฉื ื”, ืขืžื“ ืžืงื“ืฉ ืฉื™ืœื”. ื•ื›ืฉืžืช ืขืœื™, ื—ืจื‘ ื•ื‘ืื• ืœื ื•ื‘ ื•ื‘ื ื• ืฉื ืžืงื“ืฉ; ื•ื›ืฉืžืช ืฉืžื•ืืœ, ื—ืจื‘ ื•ื‘ืื• ืœื’ื‘ืขื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ื ื• ืฉื ืžืงื“ืฉ. ื•ืžื’ื‘ืขื•ืŸ ื‘ืื• ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ื. ื•ื™ืžื™ ื ื•ื‘ ื•ื’ื‘ืขื•ืŸ, ืฉื‘ืข ื•ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื ืฉื ื”.

ืžืฉื ื” ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืคืจืง ื:ื‘

Because what they had now, in Givon, was just a tent of curtains like the ืžืฉื›ืŸ in the desert:

ื•ื™ืœื›ื• ืฉืœืžื” ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืงื”ืœ ืขืžื• ืœื‘ืžื” ืืฉืจ ื‘ื’ื‘ืขื•ืŸ; ื›ื™ ืฉื ื”ื™ื” ืื”ืœ ืžื•ืขื“ ื”ืืœืงื™ื ืืฉืจ ืขืฉื” ืžืฉื” ืขื‘ื“ ื”ืณ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจืƒ

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ ื:ื’

So what David is doing is rebuilding the ืžืฉื›ืŸ ืฉื™ืœื”. Just as when he tried to bring the ืืจื•ืŸ to Jerusalem, he is symbolically undoing the ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืฉื™ืœื”โ€Ž from 20 years before. He will reset the clock, then move forward turning it into the eternal ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ.


But David doesnโ€™t use that building yet. He is too scared after the death of Uzza and leaves the ืืจื•ืŸ with ืขื‘ื“ ืื“ื, who is โ€œblessedโ€. What was the nature of that blessing? Thereโ€™s a hint later in ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื:

ื“ ื•ืœืขื‘ื“ ืื“ื ื‘ื ื™ื ืฉืžืขื™ื” ื”ื‘ื›ื•ืจ ื™ื”ื•ื–ื‘ื“ ื”ืฉื ื™ ื™ื•ืื— ื”ืฉืœืฉื™ ื•ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ ื•ื ืชื ืืœ ื”ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ืƒ ื” ืขืžื™ืืœ ื”ืฉืฉื™ ื™ืฉืฉื›ืจ ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ ืคืขืœืชื™ ื”ืฉืžื™ื ื™; ื›ื™ ื‘ืจื›ื• ืืœืงื™ืืƒ
ื• ื•ืœืฉืžืขื™ื” ื‘ื ื• ื ื•ืœื“ ื‘ื ื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืช ืื‘ื™ื”ื; ื›ื™ ื’ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื—ื™ืœ ื”ืžื”ืƒ ื– ื‘ื ื™ ืฉืžืขื™ื” ืขืชื ื™ ื•ืจืคืืœ ื•ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืืœื–ื‘ื“ ืื—ื™ื• ื‘ื ื™ ื—ื™ืœ; ืืœื™ื”ื• ื•ืกืžื›ื™ื”ื•ืƒ ื— ื›ืœ ืืœื” ืžื‘ื ื™ ืขื‘ื“ ืื“ื ื”ืžื” ื•ื‘ื ื™ื”ื ื•ืื—ื™ื”ื ืื™ืฉ ื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื›ื— ืœืขื‘ื“ื” ืฉืฉื™ื ื•ืฉื ื™ื ืœืขื‘ื“ ืื“ืืƒ

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื ืคืจืง ื›ื•

ืคืชื— ืจืณ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ื‘ื ื• ืฉืœ ืจืณ ื™ื•ืกื™ ื”ื’ืœื™ืœื™ ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืื›ืกื ื™ื ื•ื“ืจืฉ: (ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื‘ ื•) ื•ื™ื‘ืจืš ื”ืณ ืืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืื“ื•ื (ื”ื’ืชื™) ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืืจื•ืŸ ื”ืืœืงื™ื ื•ื”ืœื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืงืดื• ื•ืžื” ืืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ืื›ืœ ื•ืฉืชื” ืืœื ื›ื‘ื“ ื•ืจื‘ืฅ ืœืคื ื™ื•, ื›ืš ื”ืžืืจื— ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื—ื›ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ื‘ื™ืชื• ื•ืžืื›ื™ืœื• ื•ืžืฉืงื”ื• ื•ืžื”ื ื”ื• ืžื ื›ืกื™ื• ืขืื›ืดื•! ืžืื™ ื”ื™ื ื‘ืจื›ื” ืฉื‘ืจื›ื•? ืืžืจ ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืจ ื–ื‘ื™ื“ื ื–ื• ื—ืžื•ืช ื•ื—ืณ ื›ืœื•ืชื™ื” ืฉื™ืœื“ื• ืฉืฉื” ืฉืฉื” ื‘ื›ืจืก ืื—ื“ ืฉื ืืžืจ (ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื ื›ื•) ืคืขืœืชื™ ื”ืฉืžื™ื ื™ ื•ื›ืชื™ื‘ (ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื ื›ื•) ื›ื™ ื‘ืจื›ื• ืืœืงื™ื (ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื ื›ื•) ื›ืœ ืืœื” [ืžื‘ื ื™] (ืœ)ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืื“ื•ื ื”ืžื” ื•ื‘ื ื™ื”ื ื•ืื—ื™ื”ื (ืื ืฉื™) [ืื™ืฉ] ื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื›ื— ืœืขื‘ื“ื” ืฉืฉื™ื ื•ืฉื ื™ื ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ ืื“ื•ื.

ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืกื’,ื‘-ืกื“,ื

While having 62 grandchildren sounds like a wonderful ื‘ืจื›ื”, itโ€™s hard to see how David could have recognized that blessing in only 3 months. The Midrash has a more extreme version:

ืืžืจื• ืฉืžื ื” ื‘ื ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืœื• ื•ืฉืžื ื” ื›ืœื•ืช ื”ื™ื• ืœื• ื•ื›ืœ ื—ื“ื ืžื ื”ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ืช ื™ืœื“ืช ืชืจื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ืจื—ื, ื”ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื˜ืžืื” ืฉื‘ืขื” ื•ื˜ื”ื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ืขื” ื•ื”ื™ื ื™ื•ืœื“ืช, ื˜ืžืื” ืฉื‘ืขื” ื•ื˜ื”ื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ืขื” ื•ื”ื™ื ื™ื•ืœื“ืช, ืฉื™ืชื ืขืฉืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ืจื—, ืชืœืชื ื™ืจื—ื™ืŸ ื”ื ืืจื‘ืขื™ืŸ ื•ืชืžื ื™ื, ื•ืฉื™ืชื ื“ื™ื“ื™ื” ื”ื ื—ืžืฉื™ืŸ ื•ืืจื‘ืขื” ื•ืชืžื ื™ืชื”ื•ืŸ ื”ื ืฉืชื™ืŸ ื•ืชืจืชื™ืŸ.

ืฉื™ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืจื‘ื” (ื•ื™ืœื ื) ืคืจืฉื” ื‘

The ืžืฉื‘ืฆื•ืช ื–ื”ื‘ cites the ื’ืจืดื (which I cannot find) that if there was an open miracle like the midrash, itโ€™s possible to David to have recognized that ื•ื™ื‘ืจืš ื”ืณ ืืช ืขื‘ื“ ืื“ื ื•ืืช ื›ืœ ื‘ื™ืชื•. But if the ื‘ืจื›ื” was having multiple births, how could he recognize that in three months? He answers, โ€œืฉื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืฉืฉื” ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื , ื”ื™ื” ื”ืขื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื›ืœ ื›ืš, ืขื“ ืฉืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืฉืœืฉื” ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื”ื™ื” ื ื™ื›ืจโ€.


Some other notes on this story:

ื•ื™ื”ื™ ื‘ืขื–ืจ ื”ืืœืงื™ื: ืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื• ืืžืจื• ืžื›ืืŸ ืฉื”ืืจื•ืŸ ื ื•ืฉื ืืช ืขืฆืžื•.

ืจืฉืดื™, ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื ื˜ื•:ื›ื•

The procession carrying the ืืจื•ืŸ anticipates Davidโ€™s plans for the ืžืฉื›ืŸ and the future ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ. He calls on ืฆื“ื•ืง ื•ืื‘ื™ืชืจ ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื to lead them. ืื‘ื™ืชืจ was the ื›ื”ืŸ who took the ืื•ืจื™ื ื•ืชื•ืžื™ื to David when he ran from Saul, and has been at his side evey since. He will be appointed to be the ื›ื”ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ with the ืืจื•ืŸ in Jerusalem. ืฆื“ื•ืง was mentioned as one of the leaders of the ื›ื”ื ื™ื (he is called in ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื ื™ื‘:ื›ื˜โ€Ž ื ืขืจ ื’ื‘ื•ืจ ื—ื™ืœ) who came to David in Hebron. He didnโ€™t have a formal position then, but will be appointed to be the ื›ื”ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ at the ืžืฉื›ืŸ in Givon. The current ื›ื”ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ,โ€Ž ื™ื”ื•ื™ื“ืข (called in ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื ื™ื‘:ื›ื—โ€Ž ื”ื ื’ื™ื“ ืœืื”ืจืŸ) will be appointed to Davidโ€™s cabinet of advisors.


The expression ื•ืืฉืคืจ ืื—ื“ ื•ืืฉื™ืฉื” ืื—ืช is unclear; I agree with the King James translation (which is from Rashi):

And he dealt among all the people, even among the whole multitude of Israel, as well to the women as men, to every one a cake of bread, and a good piece of flesh, and a flagon of wine. So all the people departed every one to his house.

2 Samuel 6:19, King James Version

ืฉืžื•ืืœ describes David as wearing an ืืคื•ื“, which is sometimes taken meaning that he was wearing only and ืืคื•ื“, and that is what Michal was complaining about. He was literally exposing himself by spinning so hard. But ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื tells us thatโ€™s not so (evidently the rumors existed in Ezraโ€™s time). He had a robe; the ืืคื•ื“ was a decorative sign of honor, like a tie today.

ื‘ื ื•ืจืื” ื›ืžื” ื‘ื–ื” ื“ื•ื“ ืขืฆืžื• ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื. ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืœื“ื•ื“ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื”ืœืš ืœืคื ื™ื• ืกืชื ื›ืžืœืš ืœื‘ื•ืฉ ื›ืœื™ ืžืœื›ื•ืชื•. ืœืื•, ืืœื ืœื‘ืฉ ื›ืœื™ื ื ืื™ื ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืืจื•ืŸ ื•ืžืฉื—ืง ืœืคื ื™ื•.

ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืจื‘ื” ื“:ื›

Weโ€™ve dealt with Michal and her relationship with David and her lack of children in the past. So I wonโ€™t go into that again.

But itโ€™s worth looking at Michalโ€™s reaction to Davidโ€™s โ€œanticsโ€. Her modesty reflects her fatherโ€™s:

ื›ื‘ ื•ื™ืฉืืœื• ืขื•ื“ ื‘ื”ืณ ื”ื‘ื ืขื•ื“ ื”ืœื ืื™ืฉ;
ื•ื™ืืžืจ ื”ืณ ื”ื ื” ื”ื•ื ื ื—ื‘ื ืืœ ื”ื›ืœื™ืืƒ ื›ื’ ื•ื™ืจืฆื• ื•ื™ืงื—ื”ื• ืžืฉื ื•ื™ืชื™ืฆื‘ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืขื; ื•ื™ื’ื‘ื” ืžื›ืœ ื”ืขื ืžืฉื›ืžื• ื•ืžืขืœื”ืƒ

ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื ืคืจืง ื™

ื’ ื•ื™ื‘ื ืืœ ื’ื“ืจื•ืช ื”ืฆืืŸ ืขืœ ื”ื“ืจืš ื•ืฉื ืžืขืจื” ื•ื™ื‘ื ืฉืื•ืœ ืœื”ืกืš ืืช ืจื’ืœื™ื•; ื•ื“ื•ื“ ื•ืื ืฉื™ื• ื‘ื™ืจื›ืชื™ ื”ืžืขืจื” ื™ืฉื‘ื™ืืƒ ื“ ื•ื™ืืžืจื• ืื ืฉื™ ื“ื•ื“ ืืœื™ื• ื”ื ื” ื”ื™ื•ื ืืฉืจ ืืžืจ ื”ืณ ืืœื™ืš ื”ื ื” ืื ื›ื™ ื ืชืŸ ืืช ืื™ื‘ื™ืš (ืื™ื‘ืš) ื‘ื™ื“ืš ื•ืขืฉื™ืช ืœื• ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ื˜ื‘ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ืš; ื•ื™ืงื ื“ื•ื“ ื•ื™ื›ืจืช ืืช ื›ื ืฃ ื”ืžืขื™ืœ ืืฉืจ ืœืฉืื•ืœ ื‘ืœื˜ืƒ

ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื ืคืจืง ื›ื“

ื•ื”ื™ื” ืืจื•ืŸ ื”ืณ ื‘ื ืขื™ืจ ื“ื•ื“ ื•ืžื™ื›ืœ ื‘ืช ืฉืื•ืœ ื•ื’ื•ืณ. ืืžืจื” ืœื•: ืžืฉืคื—ืชื• ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ืื‘ื ื”ื™ืชื” ื ืื” ืžืžืš! ื—ืœื™ืœื” ืœื”ื ืฉื ืจืื” ืžื™ืžื™ื”ืŸ ืคืกืช ื™ื“ ื•ืคืกืช ืจื’ืœ ื•ืขืงื‘ ืžื’ื•ืœื™ืŸ, ืืœื ื›ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืžื›ื•ื‘ื“ื™ืŸ ืžืžืš. ื•ืžื” ืืžืจ ืœื” ื“ื•ื“? ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืณ ืืฉืจ ื‘ื—ืจ ื‘ื™ ื•ื’ื•ืณ. ืืœื ื‘ื™ืช ืื‘ื™ืš ื”ื™ื• ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ืŸ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืขืฆืžื ื•ืžื ื™ื—ื™ืŸ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื ื•ืื ื™ ืื™ื ื™ ืขื•ืฉื” ื›ืŸ ืืœื ืžื ื™ื— ืื ื™ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืขืฆืžื™ ื•ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืื ื™ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื.

ื™ืœืงื•ื˜ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื‘ ืจืžื– ืงืžื’

And this modesty of Saulโ€™s was his strength and his downfall:

ืืžืจ ืจื‘ ื”ื•ื ืโ€ฆืฉืื•ืœ ื‘ืื—ืช ื•ืขืœืชื” ืœื• ื“ื•ื“ ื‘ืฉืชื™ื ื•ืœื ืขืœืชื” ืœื•.

ื™ื•ืžื ื›ื‘,ื‘

This literally means, โ€œSaul sinned once and it affected him; David sinned twice and it did not affect himโ€. But the ืžืฉื‘ืฆื•ืช ื–ื”ื‘ cites Rav David Friedman with a more โ€œchassisheโ€ interpretation:

โ€ฆืฉืื•ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืžืชื ื”ื’ ืจืง ื‘ืžื“ืช ื”ืขื ื•ื”, ื•ืžืžื ื” ื”ื™ื• ืžืขืœื•ืชื™ื• ื•ื’ื ื—ืกืจื•ื ื•ืชื™ื•, ื•ืื™ืœื• ื“ื•ื“ ื”ื™ื” โ€ื‘ืฉื ื™ืโ€œ, ืฉืืฃ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ืฉืคืœื•ืช ื•ื”ืขื ื•ื”, ื•ืืžืจ (ืชื”ืœื™ื ื›ื‘:ื–) โ€ื•ืื ื›ื™ ืชื•ืœืขืช ื•ืœื ืื™ืฉโ€œ, ืžืดืž ื›ื ื’ื“ ื”ืžืจืฉืขื™ื ื•ืฉื•ื ืื™ ื”ืณ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ืชืงื™ืคื•ืช ื•ื”ืชื ืฉืื•ืช, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืฆืœื™ื— ืœื”ื ื”ื™ื’ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืฉืื•ืœ ื ื“ื—ื”. ื•ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืฉื“ื•ื“ ื™ื“ืข ืืช ื”ื’ื“ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื•ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืชื™ ื™ืฉ ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ื•ื”ื ื”ื’ื”.

ืžืฉื‘ืฆื•ืช ื–ื”ื‘, ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื‘ ื•:ื›, ืขืžืณ ืงืžื–

And thereโ€™s an interesting connection to the well known fact that Michal wore tefillin:

ืจืื™ืชื™ ื‘ืกืคืจ ื›ืชื ื•ืช ืืฉ, ืฉืžืงืฉืจ ืืช ืฉื™ื˜ืช ืžื™ื›ืœ ื‘ืช ืฉืื•ืœ ืขื ืžื” ืฉืžื•ื–ื›ืจ ื‘ื’ืžืจื (ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฆื•,ื) ืฉืžื™ื›ืœ ื‘ืช ืฉืื•ืœ ื”ื™ืชื” ืžื ื—ืช ืชืคื™ืœื™ืŸ, ื•ื”ืจื™ ืชืคื™ืœื™ืŸ ืืกื•ืจื™ืŸ ื‘ืงืœื•ืช ืจืืฉโ€ฆื•ื ืžืฆื ื“ืžื™ื›ืœ ื‘ืช ืฉืื•ืœ ืžื•ืคืœื’ืช ื”ื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืชืคื™ืœื™ืŸโ€ฆื•ืžืžื™ืœื ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืกื‘ื•ืœ ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ืžืคื–ื– ื•ืžื›ืจื›ืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ืขื– ื•ื‘ื”ื’ืœื•ืช ื ื’ืœื•ืช ื“ื•ื“ ื›ืื—ื“ ื”ืจื™ืงื™ื โ€ฆ

ืžืฉื‘ืฆื•ืช ื–ื”ื‘, ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื‘ ื•:ื›, ืขืžืณ ืงืžื–-ืงืžื—

But David here has the right balance of ืฉืžื—ื” and ืฉื—ื•ืง. We have to serve ื”ืณ with all our ืžื™ื“ื•ืช. And part of what David sets up is to assign the Levites as ืฉืขืจื™ื and ื”ืžืฉืจืจื™ื. Weโ€™ll look at that in more detail next time.