The last three of the ืชืืืืืช ืืกืฃ are more positive than the ืืฉืืื ones we looked at last time.
ืืืืืจ ืืืกืฃ;
ืื ืืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืืงืื ืืืจื ืืืื
Itโs a nice thought; ืืณ is good to the Jews! I would have translated ืื as โbutโ if this came after the other ืชืืืืื that we looked at, but this in fact is the first of the Asaf Psalms, so itโs harder to translate it that way. The perek then goes on to deal with the classic problem of ืฆืืืง ืืจืข ืื, ืจืฉืข ืืืื ืื, so Malbim translates ืื as โsurelyโ. The first line is to reassure us not to give up hope halfway through the perek.
ืืืืืจ ืืืกืฃ: ืืืืจ ืืืชืืื ืขื ืฉืืืช ืืจืฉืขืื ืืืกืืจื ืืฆืืืงืื, ืืืฉืื ืชืฉืืื ืืกืคืงืช ืขื ืืโืื ืืื, ืืจื ืืื ืืืืจ ืืืฉืืื ืืืืช ืฉื ืจืฉืข ืืืื ืื ืืฆืืืง ืืจืข ืื, ืืงืืื ืืืืจ ืื ืืืืช ืืืฉืจืื ืืืงืื ืืื ืื ืืื, ืจืดื ืฉืืื ื ืืฆืืข ืืฉืืื ืืืืช ืืืกืคืง ืืื ืืืช ืืณ ืขืฆืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืจืข, ืื ืื ืืฉืจืื ืืื ื ืืื ืืืณ ืืืืชื ืื ืืื.
Rashi also assumes this introductory pasuk is anticipatory, but goes with the โbutโ translation.
ืื ืืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืืงืื: ืืคื ืฉืขื ืื ืืืืืืจ ืืืืจ ืืฆืจืืช ืืืืืช ืขื ืขืืืื ืืืงืื ืืื ืคืชื ืื ืื ืืืื ืคืืจืืฉื ืืขืดืค ืฉืื ื ืฆืืขืง ืืืชืื ืขื ืฆืจืืชืืื ืฉื ืืฉืจืื ืืืขืชื ืื ืืงืืดื ืืื ืืื ืืืืืืชื ืืื ืืืื ืขืืืื ืืช ืืจืขื ืืื ืืืืืชื ืืืื ืืขืืื ืืื.
Asaf adds that ืืณ is good to the ืืจื ืืื, โclean of heartโ. As the Ramchal puts it, this is about purity of thoughts. We have to have the right attitude.
ืึดืึผึทืช ืึทื ึผึฐืงึดืึผืึผืช ืึดืื ืึฑืืึนืช ืึธืึธืึธื ื ึธืงึดื ืึฐืึทืึฐืจึตื ืึดืึผึธื ืึดืึผึธื ืจึธืขึธื ืึผืึดืึผึธื ืึตืึฐื. ืึนื ืึผึทื ืึดืึผึธื ืฉืึถืึทืึตืึฐื ืึผืึน ืึฐืคึปืจึฐืกึธื ืึฐืึธืืึผื, ืึถืึผึธื ืึผึทื ืึผึตื ืึดืึผึธื ืฉืึถืึทืึผึตื ื ึดืคึฐืชึผึถื ืึผืึน ืึฐืืึนืจืึนืช ืึถืชึผึตืจ ืึผึทืึผึธืึธืจ.
David says that being ืืจ ืืื is a prerequisite to coming to the ืืืช ืืืงืืฉ:
ื ืื ืืขืื ืืืจ ืืณ; ืืื ืืงืื ืืืงืื ืงืืฉืื ื ื ืงื ืืคืื ืืืจ ืืื; ืืฉืจ ืื ื ืฉื ืืฉืื ื ืคืฉื; ืืื ื ืฉืืข ืืืจืืื
Asaf starts by saying that he didnโt start as a ืืจื ืืื:
ื ืืื ื ืืืขื ื ืืื ืจืืื; ืืืื ืฉืคืื ืืฉืจืื
ื ืื ืงื ืืชื ืืืืืืื; ืฉืืื ืจืฉืขืื ืืจืืื
And he describes how good the ืจืฉืขืื have it:
ื ืื ืืื ืืจืฆืืืช ืืืืชื; ืืืจืื ืืืืื
ื ืืขืื ืื ืืฉ ืืื ืื; ืืขื ืืื ืื ืื ืืขืื
ื ืืื ืขื ืงืชืื ืืืื; ืืขืืฃ ืฉืืช ืืืก ืืืื
ื ืืฆื ืืืื ืขืื ืื; ืขืืจื ืืฉืืืืช ืืืื
They live lives of comfort, and even their deaths are easy.
ืื ืืื ืืจืฆืืืืช ืืืืชื: ืืณ ืืกืืจื ืืื (ืืฉืขืืื ื ื:ื) ืคึทึผืชึตึผืึท ืึทืจึฐืฆึปืึผืึนืช ืจึถืฉึทืืข, ืืกืืจื ืืืื ืจืฉืข ืฉืืืกืจืื ืืื ืืขื ืืื. ืืฃ ืืื ืืื ืืกืืจืื ืืืืชืชื ืืืชืื ืืื ืืื ืืชืื ืืจืืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืกืืจืื.
They do all sorts of terrible things, but still are rich, fat and happy:
ื ืืืืงื ืืืืืจื ืืจืข ืขืฉืง; ืืืจืื ืืืืจืื
ื ืฉืชื ืืฉืืื ืคืืื; ืืืฉืื ื ืชืืื ืืืจืฅื
ื ืืื ืืฉืื ืขืื ืืื; ืืื ืืื ืืืฆื ืืืื
ืื ืืืืจื ืืืื ืืืข ืึพื; ืืืฉ ืืขื ืืขืืืืื
ืื ืื ื ืืื ืจืฉืขืื; ืืฉืืื ืขืืื ืืฉืื ืืืื
But I (says Asaf), tried to perfect myself, but all I get is suffering:
ืื ืื ืจืืง ืืืืชื ืืืื; ืืืจืืฅ ืื ืงืืื ืืคืื
ืื ืืืื ื ืืืข ืื ืืืื; ืืชืืืืชื ืืืงืจืืื
And if he, ืืกืฃ ืืืื, concluded that there was no point to being good, he would have corrupted an entire generation:
ืื ืืืจืชื ืืกืคืจื ืืื; ืื ื ืืืจ ืื ืื ืืืืชืื
But, fortunately, he stopped to think:
ืื ืืืืฉืื ืืืขืช ืืืช; ืขืื ืืื ืืขืื ืื
ืื ืขื ืืืื ืื ืืงืืฉื ืึพื; ืืืื ื ืืืืจืืชืื
And he goes back to the conclusion that Moshe had described in ืชืืืืื ืฆื:
ื ืืืฉ ืืขืจ ืื ืืืข; ืืืกืื ืื ืืืื ืืช ืืืชื ื ืืคืจื ืจืฉืขืื ืืื ืขืฉื ืืืฆืืฆื ืื ืคืขืื ืืื; ืืืฉืืื ืขืื ืขืื
As human beings, we only see a very short period of time, so the wicked appear successful. But that will end quickly.
ืื ืื ืืืืงืืช ืชืฉืืช ืืื; ืืคืืชื ืืืฉืืืืชื
ืื ืืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืจืืข; ืกืคื ืชืื ืื ืืืืืชื
ื ืืืืื ืืืงืืฅ ืืื ึพื ืืขืืจ ืฆืืื ืชืืืื
Seeing the truth will be like wakening from a dream, and we will realize that the image of the fat and happy ืจืฉืข was not something to envy, but something to despise.
He confesses that he was exactly what Moshe described: an ืืืฉ ืืขืจ ืื ืืืข.
ืื ืื ืืชืืืฅ ืืืื; ืืืืืืชื ืืฉืชืื ืื
ืื ืืื ื ืืขืจ ืืื ืืืข; ืืืืืช ืืืืชื ืขืืื
ืืฉืชืื ื is hard to translate; it literally means โsharpenedโ; ืืืืืช, literally โkidneysโ is always used in ืชืืืืื as โmindโ.
ืืฉืชืื ื: ืืืณ ืฉื ืื ืืืืื.
So I would translate, โmy mind was on edgeโ.
But now I understand, and come back to ืื ืืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืืงืื; I will keep my faith in ืืณ:
ืื ืืื ื ืชืืื ืขืื; ืืืืช ืืื ืืืื ืื
ืื ืืขืฆืชื ืชื ืื ื; ืืืืจ ืืืื ืชืงืื ืื
ืื ืื ืื ืืฉืืื; ืืขืื ืื ืืคืฆืชื ืืืจืฅื
ืื ืืื ืฉืืจื ืืืืื; ืฆืืจ ืืืื ืืืืงื ืืืงืื ืืขืืืื
And those ืจืฉืขืื will be lost.
ืื ืื ืื ื ืจืืงืื ืืืืื; ืืฆืืชื ืื ืืื ื ืืืื
ืื ืืื ื ืงืจืืช ืืืงืื ืื ืืื;
ืฉืชื ืืืื ึพื ืืณ ืืืกื; ืืกืคืจ ืื ืืืืืืชืืื
ืืกืคืจ ืื ืืืืืืชืื: I will speak of all your messengers in the world. And so Asaf finds his role in life, to be ืืกืฃ ืืืื, the ื ืืื who writes ืชืืืืื.
ืืชืืื ืื ืืขืืจื ืืกืคืจ ืื ืืืืืืชืื ืฉืืคืืืช ืื ืจืื ืืงืืฉ, ืฉืืกืคืจ ืื ืฉืืืืืชืื ืฉืืชื ืืฉืื ืืืืืืข ืืืฉืจืืโฆืืืืืืชืื ืืขื ืื ื ืืืื ืืื ืืดื ืืืื ืืณ ืืืืืืืช ืืณ ืืืืจื ืจืืดื ืฉืื ืืื ื ืงืจื ืืืื ืืคืกืืง ืื ืืฉืืืืืืชืื ืขื ืืื ื ืืืืชื ืืงืจืื ืืืืืืช ืืณ.
The next perek I want to look at, ืชืืืืื ืคืจืง ืขื, is a ืืืืืจ ืฉืืจ but one titled ืื ืชืฉืืช, โplease, do not destroyโ. It is an eschatological psalm, about the common idea in ืชื ืดื of a final judgment.
ื ืืื ืฆื ืื ืชืฉืืช; ืืืืืจ ืืืกืฃ ืฉืืจื
ื ืืืืื ื ืื ืืืงืื ืืืืื ื ืืงืจืื ืฉืื; ืกืคืจื ื ืคืืืืชืืื
ื ืื ืืงื ืืืขื; ืื ื ืืืฉืจืื ืืฉืคืื
ืืณ will chose the day of His judgment, and everything will change:
ื ืืืื ืืจืฅ ืืื ืืฉืืื; ืื ืื ืชืื ืชื ืขืืืืื ืกืืื
Asafโs message is to the fools, the ืืืืืื, whom he had envied in the previous perek, ืงื ืืชื ืืืืืืื.
ื ืืืจืชื ืืืืืืื ืื ืชืืื; ืืืจืฉืขืื ืื ืชืจืืื ืงืจืื
ื ืื ืชืจืืื ืืืจืื ืงืจื ืื; ืชืืืจื ืืฆืืืจ ืขืชืงื
ื ืื ืื ืืืืฆื ืืืืขืจื; ืืื ืืืืืจ ืืจืืื
ืงืจื is a common metaphor in ืชื ืดื for power, generally not in terms of strength but in terms of (political) authority. Kings have ืงืจื.
ืงืจื. ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืขื ืืชืืืจืืช, ืื ืืขืื ืืืื ืืขืื ืืงืจื, ืืชืืืงื ืืื.
ืฉื ืืฆืืื ืงืจื ืืืื; ืขืจืืชื ื ืจ ืืืฉืืืื
You want to ืชืจืืื ืงืจื ืื, assert your authority, but that which uplifts, ืืจืื, is not found on Earth, from east to west, and not in unexplored territories. If you want to be uplifted, you need to seek ืืณ.
ื ืื ืืืงืื ืฉืคื; ืื ืืฉืคืื ืืื ืืจืืื
ื ืื ืืืก ืืื ืืณ ืืืื ืืืจ ืืื ืืกื ืืืืจ ืืื;
ืื ืฉืืจืื ืืืฆื ืืฉืชื; ืื ืจืฉืขื ืืจืฅื
ื ืืื ื ืืืื ืืขืื; ืืืืจื ืืืืงื ืืขืงืื
ืื ืืื ืงืจื ื ืจืฉืขืื ืืืืข; ืชืจืืืื ื ืงืจื ืืช ืฆืืืงื
We have talked before (in Days of Yore) about the metaphor of ืืืก ืืณ and His wine, symbolizing having to deal with the consequences of oneโs actions.
As Shlomo said,
ืืคื ื ืฉืืจ ืืืื; ืืืคื ื ืืฉืืื ืืื ืจืืื
The next perek is explicitly about the โFinal Battleโ, the war called battle of Gog and Magog in Yechezkel. Asaf describes it as though it had already happened.
ื ืืื ืฆื ืื ืืื ืช; ืืืืืจ ืืืกืฃ ืฉืืจื
ื ื ืืืข ืืืืืื ืืืงืื; ืืืฉืจืื ืืืื ืฉืืื
ื ืืืื ืืฉืื ืกืืื; ืืืขืื ืชื ืืฆืืืื
ื ืฉืื ืฉืืจ ืจืฉืคื ืงืฉืช; ืืื ืืืจื ืืืืืื ืกืืื
The point Asaf makes is that it wasnโt a battle; it was like ืงืจืืขืช ืื ืกืืฃ or the destruction of Sancherevโs army in front of Jerusalem. There was an enemy army, then there wasnโt.
ื ื ืืืจ ืืชื ืืืืจ ืืืจืจื ืืจืฃื
ื ืืฉืชืืืื ืืืืจื ืื ื ืื ืฉื ืชื;
ืืื ืืฆืื ืื ืื ืฉื ืืื ืืืืืื
ื ืืืขืจืชื ืืืงื ืืขืงื; ื ืจืื ืืจืื ืืกืืกื
And this is all to save ืขื ืื ืืจืฅ, the humble. ืืณ wipes out the haughty; as Asaf said in the previous perek, ืื ืืืงืื ืฉืคื; ืื ืืฉืคืื ืืื ืืจืื.
ื ืืชื ื ืืจื ืืชื ืืื ืืขืื ืืคื ืื; ืืื ืืคืื
ื ืืฉืืื ืืฉืืขืช ืืื; ืืจืฅ ืืจืื ืืฉืงืืื
ื ืืงืื ืืืฉืคื ืืืงืื ืืืืฉืืข ืื ืขื ืื ืืจืฅ ืกืืื
And this ends not with the destruction of the enemy, but with the enemy subdued and acknowledging ืืณ:
ืื ืื ืืืช ืืื ืชืืื; ืฉืืจืืช ืืืช ืชืืืจื
ืื ื ืืจื ืืฉืืื ืืืณ ืืืงืืื; ืื ืกืืืืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืืจืื
ืื ืืืฆืจ ืจืื ื ืืืืื; ื ืืจื ืืืืื ืืจืฅื
And that is Asafโs final message, not a prayer of vengeance but of peace.