Last time, we dealt with the assassination of Avner. Now we turn to the reaction in Israel:
Ish Boshet is paralyzed. That makes sense; he was completely dependent on Avner for his kingdom. But what does ישראל נבהלו mean? Koren translates it as “terrified”; Artscroll says “shocked”. So too מצודת:
But I don’t think that “fear” is the right emotion here. We’ve already seen that (שמואל ב ג:לו) וידעו כל העם וכל ישראל ביום ההוא; כי לא היתה מהמלך להמית את אבנר בן נר. I think בהלה means something different:
It’s the sense of frantic movement when you have no idea what to do.
The sentiment appears in תהילים:
And this is how Malbim renders it:
The word is used similarly, in the sense of forced rushing around, in מגילת אסתר:
And in the general confusion, something terrible happens. The text itself is confusing, which may be a literary technique to give us the sense that no one knows what’s going on:
Why the apparently parenthetical comment about בארות תחשב על בנימן, and what happened to the בארתים? דעת מקרא says this comment is about the original, Canaanite, inhabitants of בארות, which is mentioned only one other place in תנ״ך, as a city of בנימן:
But why do we care where they went? גתים itself is only mentioned once more, when נחמיה records the cities that the survivors of בנימן came from:
So it historically was not a Canaanite city but a Benjaminite one. So what does our pasuk mean? מצודת hypothesizes that it wasn’t clear that the people of בארות were from בנימין. But still, why do we care?
Malbim thinks that the בארתים in פסוק ג who ran away are the brothers of פסוק ב; there’s a back story that will only be slowly revealed.:
Still, בארתים seems to imply all the inhabitants. And why the line about בארות תחשב על בנימן? I think Rashi’s interpretation makes the most sense:
The text is filling in a little of the backstory of what happened 2 years ago, when Saul fell and the Philistines reconquered Israel:
We weren’t given the details of what happened in בנימין but clearly the Philistines overran the area, as Avner ran off to מחנים on the east side of the Jordan to re-establish the kingdom. Here we learn that בארות was also among the cities of בנימין that were attacked, and the inhabitants ran off to גתים (we don’t know where that is, unfortunately). And similarly, the only other remaining male decendant of Saul, מפיבשת, was evacuated but injured. This will be relevant later on.
And what did these refugees do when they heard Avner was dead?
The sequence is very hard to follow. Malbim proposes that פסוק ו refers to an older crime (the Radak mentions a similar possibility):
But that seems farfetched, putting another murder in the story. It seems more probable that the brothers came and went twice:
The Alshich explains this as an elaborate plan:
The משבצות זהב explains it a little more simply, that initially they thought that if Ish Boshet were dead (and there were no survivors from Saul’s line to become king; that’s why the text had to emphasize Mepiboshet’s disability) then David would not try to take revenge on Saul’s men. With no king, there would be no danger. So they assasinated Ish Boshet.
Later, they overthought the situation and felt that not only would they be safe if Ish Boshet were dead, but that they could actually profit if David knew that they had done the deed, so they went back to decapitate him.
David brings up what happened to the Amalekite lad:
Malbim points out that what David does with their bodies seems wrong:
This is a specific מצוה of מורד במלכות:
##Vengeance is Mine, Saith the Lord
David emphasizes again his attitude towards his enemies. He does not need to take revenge; that is G-d’s job. Anything but a calm acceptance reflects a lack of faith. Avigail, the נביאה, adjured him to not spill the blood of his enemies:
This was David’s theme song (דברי השירה הזאת ביום הציל ה׳ אתו מכף כל איביו ומכף שאול);