Last time, Ish Boshet had been brutally assassinated. I want to review the chronology of what happened from there.
Now we get to the point that we’ve all been waiting for:
It is presented almost identically in דברי הימים:
Note the repetition: ויבאו כל שבטי ישראל אל דוד חברונה then ויבאו כל זקני ישראל אל המלך חברונה. I think that this represents two different times. The ויבאו כל שבטי ישראל took 5 years. It was the gradual acceptance of David as the ruler of all Israel. The ויבאו כל זקני ישראל was the actual coronation ceremony. Note that Samuel had annointed him years before, but being king requires the consent of the governed; the people had to annoint him as well.
The people declare that David has been their leader since Saul’s time:
Conveniently editing out the history of David’s rebellion against Saul. History is written by the victors.
דברי הימים uses the term ויקבצו rather than ויבאו for the 5 year period, emphasizing those who came to stay with David, and
the story of the coronation is expanded in the next chapter, where it discusses exactly who they were:
I’d like to discuss tribes in more detail.
יהודה
Most tribes sent tens of thousands of troops; יהודה sent only 6 thousand. That’s because they were already there.
Similarly, שמעון was part of David’s kingdom (their cities were within יהודה 's territory).
אהרון
Four thousand Leviim came, not soldiers; that wasn’t their job. And the Kohanim were counted separately. יהוידע is called a נגיד, a prince. What does that mean?
But we’ll see that there was another כהן גדול; it’s not clear what יהוידע's role was. מצודת simply calls him שר.
The next Kohain mentioned, צדוק, would eventually be the כהן גדול. He’s a descendent of פינחס בן אלעזר:
And there’s one more כהן גדול with David:
אחימלך had been כהן גדול when the משכן was in נב. When that was destroyed, אביתר his son runs to David with the אורים ותומים. The משכן is rebuilt in גבעון with the central מזבח. Presumably, there’s some כהן in charge there, but we don’t know who, and he can’t be called the כהן גדול since he is מחוסר בגדים. I would assume it was יהוידע הנגיד. Then when David wants to move the Ark to Jerusalem, he calls on אביתר and צדוק (whose back story we don’t know, but he’s got yichus):
And then he sets up parallel services, one at the ארון in Jerusalem under אביתר , and one at the old משכן in גבעון under צדוק:
And what about יהוידע? He gets promoted to David’s inner circle:
And his son is the head of David’s palace guard:
בנימן
בנימן also only sends a few, but the fact that they send any at all is important:
Avner had laid the groundwork for turning בנימן to David:
There are still holdouts who will cause David trouble later.
יששכר
David needs more than an army; he needs a government. יששכר filled that role:
חז״ל saw them as a tribe of תלמידי חכמים:
And this is the basis of the idea of a יששכר-זבולן partnership:
זבלון
זבלון is described as לעדר בלא לב ולב, ”in a flock with undivided hearts“. The unity of purpose and action is the defining characteristic of a flock:
מעבר לירדן
The Gilead sent 120,000 troops. That’s a huge number by comparison to the other tribes. Part of the reason is that they were still independent, where Israel proper was still under Philistine domination. They had the men at arms to send. This was probably the remnants of Ish Boshet’s army.
However, the east side of the Jordan was generally more militarized and had a “Wild West” atmosphere:
Then דברי הימים describes the coronation ceremony in a little more detail (at least in the menu):
The Past is Prologue
Our text returns to the standard introduction to Israelite kings: