Last time, Ish Boshet had been brutally assassinated. I want to review the chronology of what happened from there.
ืืืจ ืจื ืืืืื ืืืจ ืจื: ืืคื ื ืื ื ืขื ืฉ ืืื ืจ?โฆืืืจ ืจื ื ืืื (ืืจืื) [ืืจ] ืืฆืืง: ืฉืฉืื ืืืืืช ืืืช ืืื ืฉืชื ืฉื ืื ืืืืฆื.
ืื ืจืื ืืโฆืืืืชื ืืฆื ืฉื ื ืืืชื ืืื ืืืชืช ืฉืืื ืืืืืืช ืืืฉ ืืืฉืช. ืืืืืชื ืืืืื ื ืชืืืง ืืื ืจ ืืืืจ ืืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืื ืืืฉ ืืืฉืช ืขื ืฉืืืืืื ืืกืืฃ ืืืชื ืืฆื ืฉื ื. ืืืฉืืช ืืืฉ ืืืฉืช ืืืชื ืืืืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืืื ืืืฉ ืฉื ืื ืขื ืฉืืื ืืื. ื ืืฆืื ืืณ ืฉื ืื ืืืืฆื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืืชืื.
Now we get to the point that weโve all been waiting for:
ื ืืืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืฉืจืื ืื ืืื ืืืจืื ื; ืืืืืจื ืืืืจ ืื ื ื ืขืฆืื ืืืฉืจื ืื ืื ืื
ื ืื ืืชืืื ืื ืฉืืฉืื ืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืื ืขืืื ื ืืชื ืืืืชื ืืืฆืื (ืืืืฆืื) ืืืืื ืืช ืืฉืจืื; ืืืืืจ ืืณ ืื ืืชื ืชืจืขื ืืช ืขืื ืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืืชื ืชืืื ืื ืืื ืขื ืืฉืจืืื
ื ืืืืื ืื ืืงื ื ืืฉืจืื ืื ืืืื ืืืจืื ื ืืืืจืช ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืจืืช ืืืืจืื ืืคื ื ืืณ; ืืืืฉืื ืืช ืืื ืืืื ืขื ืืฉืจืืื
It is presented almost identically in ืืืจื ืืืืื:
ื ืืืงืืฆื ืื ืืฉืจืื ืื ืืืื ืืืจืื ื ืืืืจ; ืื ื ืขืฆืื ืืืฉืจื ืื ืื ืื
ื ืื ืชืืื ืื ืฉืืฉืื ืื ืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืื ืืชื ืืืืฆืื ืืืืืื ืืช ืืฉืจืื; ืืืืืจ ืืณ ืืืงืื ืื ืืชื ืชืจืขื ืืช ืขืื ืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืืชื ืชืืื ื ืืื ืขื ืขืื ืืฉืจืืื
ื ืืืืื ืื ืืงื ื ืืฉืจืื ืื ืืืื ืืืจืื ื ืืืืจืช ืืื ืืืื ืืจืืช ืืืืจืื ืืคื ื ืืณ; ืืืืฉืื ืืช ืืืื ืืืื ืขื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืจ ืืณ ืืื ืฉืืืืื
Note the repetition: ืืืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืฉืจืื ืื ืืื ืืืจืื ื then ืืืืื ืื ืืงื ื ืืฉืจืื ืื ืืืื ืืืจืื ื. I think that this represents two different times. The ืืืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืฉืจืื took 5 years. It was the gradual acceptance of David as the ruler of all Israel. The ืืืืื ืื ืืงื ื ืืฉืจืื was the actual coronation ceremony. Note that Samuel had annointed him years before, but being king requires the consent of the governed; the people had to annoint him as well.
The people declare that David has been their leader since Saulโs time:
ืื ืืืกืจืื ืฉืืื ืืขืื ืืืฉืืื ืื ืฉืจ ืืืฃ; ืืืฆื ืืืื ืืคื ื ืืขืื
ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืจืื ืืฉืืื; ืืืณ ืขืืื ืื ืืืจื ืฉืืื ืืฉืจ ืืื ืืฉืืื ืืื; ืืืืจ ืืคื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืช ืืื; ืื ืืื ืืืฆื ืืื ืืคื ืืืืดื
Conveniently editing out the history of Davidโs rebellion against Saul. History is written by the victors.
ืืืจื ืืืืื uses the term ืืืงืืฆื rather than ืืืืื for the 5 year period, emphasizing those who came to stay with David, and the story of the coronation is expanded in the next chapter, where it discusses exactly who they were:
ืื ืืืื ืืกืคืจื ืจืืฉื ืืืืืฅ ืืฆืื ืืื ืขื ืืืื ืืืจืื ื; ืืืกื ืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืืื ืืคื ืืณื
ืื ืื ื ืืืืื ื ืฉืื ืฆื ื ืืจืื ืฉืฉืช ืืืคืื ืืฉืืื ื ืืืืช ืืืืฆื ืฆืืื
ืื ืื ืื ื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืฆืื ืฉืืขืช ืืืคืื ืืืืื
ืื ืื ืื ื ืืืื ืืจืืขืช ืืืคืื ืืฉืฉ ืืืืชื
ืื ืืืืืืืข ืื ืืื ืืืืจื; ืืขืื ืฉืืฉืช ืืืคืื ืืฉืืข ืืืืชื
ืื ืืฆืืืง ื ืขืจ ืืืืจ ืืื; ืืืืช ืืืื ืฉืจืื ืขืฉืจืื ืืฉื ืืื
ื ืืื ืื ื ืื ืืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืฉืืฉืช ืืืคืื; ืืขื ืื ื ืืจืืืชื ืฉืืจืื ืืฉืืจืช ืืืช ืฉืืืื
ืื ืืื ืื ื ืืคืจืื ืขืฉืจืื ืืืฃ ืืฉืืื ื ืืืืช ืืืืจื ืืื ืื ืฉื ืฉืืืช ืืืืช ืืืืชืื
ืื ืืืืฆื ืืื ืื ืฉื ืฉืืื ื ืขืฉืจ ืืืฃ ืืฉืจ ื ืงืื ืืฉืืืช ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืช ืืืืื
ืื ืืืื ื ืืฉืฉืืจ ืืืืขื ืืื ื ืืขืชืื ืืืขืช ืื ืืขืฉื ืืฉืจืื ืจืืฉืืื ืืืชืื ืืื ืืืืื ืขื ืคืืืื
ืื ืืืืืื ืืืฆืื ืฆืื ืขืจืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืฉืื ืืืฃ; ืืืขืืจ ืืื ืื ืืืื
ืื ืืื ืคืชืื ืฉืจืื ืืืฃ; ืืขืืื ืืฆื ื ืืื ืืช ืฉืืฉืื ืืฉืืขื ืืืฃื
ืื ืืื ืืื ื ืขืจืื ืืืืื ืขืฉืจืื ืืฉืืื ื ืืืฃ ืืฉืฉ ืืืืชื
ืื ืืืืฉืจ ืืืฆืื ืฆืื ืืขืจื ืืืืื ืืจืืขืื ืืืฃื
ืื ืืืขืืจ ืืืจืื ืื ืืจืืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืฆื ืฉืื ืื ืฉื ืืื ืืื ืฆืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืขืฉืจืื ืืืฃื
Iโd like to discuss tribes in more detail.
ืืืืื
Most tribes sent tens of thousands of troops; ืืืืื sent only 6 thousand. Thatโs because they were already there.
ืืื ืชืชืื ืฉืืืืืื ืืื ืื ืืขื ืืื ืฉืื ืืฉืื ืฉืื ืื ืฉืืจื ืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืืืืื ืื ืื ื ืืืืื ืื ืืืืืืืื ืืืจ ืืืืจืื ืืื ืืชืจ ืืฉืืืื ืฉืืื ืขื ืื ื ืฉืืื ืขื ืขืชื ืื ืืืฆืจืื ืืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืืืืื.
Similarly, ืฉืืขืื was part of Davidโs kingdom (their cities were within ืืืืื 's territory).
ืืืจืื
Four thousand Leviim came, not soldiers; that wasnโt their job. And the Kohanim were counted separately. ืืืืืืข is called a ื ืืื, a prince. What does that mean?
ืื ืืื ืืืืจื: ืืืจืข ืืืจื ืืืืืจ ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื.
But weโll see that there was another ืืื ืืืื; itโs not clear what ืืืืืืข's role was. ืืฆืืืช simply calls him ืฉืจ.
ืืืืืืืข: ืืื ืืืื ืฉื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืฉืจ ืขื ืื ื ืืืจื.
The next Kohain mentioned, ืฆืืืง, would eventually be the ืืื ืืืื. Heโs a descendent of ืคืื ืืก ืื ืืืขืืจ:
ืื ืืื ื ืขืืจื ืืืจื ืืืฉื ืืืจืื; ืืื ื ืืืจื ื ืื ืืืืืืื ืืืขืืจ ืืืืชืืจื
ื ืืืขืืจ ืืืืื ืืช ืคืื ืืก ืคืื ืืก ืืืื ืืช ืืืืฉืืขื
ืื ืืืืืฉืืข ืืืืื ืืช ืืงื ืืืงื ืืืืื ืืช ืขืืื
ืื ืืขืื ืืืืื ืืช ืืจืืื ืืืจืืื ืืืืื ืืช ืืจืืืชื
ืื ืืจืืืช ืืืืื ืืช ืืืจืื ืืืืจืื ืืืืื ืืช ืืืืืืื
ืื ืืืืืืื ืืืืื ืืช ืฆืืืง ืืฆืืืง ืืืืื ืืช ืืืืืขืฅื
ืืฆืืืง ื ืขืจ: ืืคืืื ืื ืชืชืื ืฉืื ืืื ื ืืื.
And thereโs one more ืืื ืืืื with David:
ืืืื ืืืจื ืืืืชืจ ืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืื ืงืขืืื; ืืคืื ืืจื ืืืืื
ืืืืืื had been ืืื ืืืื when the ืืฉืื was in ื ื. When that was destroyed, ืืืืชืจ his son runs to David with the ืืืจืื ืืชืืืื. The ืืฉืื is rebuilt in ืืืขืื with the central ืืืื. Presumably, thereโs some ืืื in charge there, but we donโt know who, and he canโt be called the ืืื ืืืื since he is ืืืืกืจ ืืืืื. I would assume it was ืืืืืืข ืื ืืื. Then when David wants to move the Ark to Jerusalem, he calls on ืืืืชืจ and ืฆืืืง (whose back story we donโt know, but heโs got yichus):
ืื ืืืงืจื ืืืื ืืฆืืืง ืืืืืืชืจ ืืืื ืื; ืืืืืื ืืืืจืืื ืขืฉืื ืืืืื ืฉืืขืื ืืืืืื ืืขืืื ืืื
ืื ืืืืืจ ืืื ืืชื ืจืืฉื ืืืืืช ืืืืื; ืืชืงืืฉื ืืชื ืืืืืื ืืืขืืืชื ืืช ืืจืื ืืณ ืืืงื ืืฉืจืื ืื ืืืื ืืชื ืืื
And then he sets up parallel services, one at the ืืจืื in Jerusalem under ืืืืชืจ , and one at the old ืืฉืื in ืืืขืื under ืฆืืืง:
ืืืช ืฆืืืง ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืื ืืคื ื ืืฉืื ืืณ ืืืื ืืฉืจ ืืืืขืืื
ืืืืชืื ืฉืืขืื ืื ื ืชื ืื ืืกืืคืจ ืื ืืืื ืืคื ื ืืืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืฆืืืง ืืืื ืืืืืืื ืื ืืืืชืจ ืืจืืฉื ืืืืืช ืืืื ืื ืืืืืื ืืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืขืืจ ืืืื ืืื ืืืืชืืจื
And what about ืืืืืืข? He gets promoted to Davidโs inner circle:
ืื ืืืืื ืชื ืืื ืืืื ืืืขืฅ ืืืฉ ืืืื ืืกืืคืจ ืืื; ืืืืืื ืื ืืืืื ื ืขื ืื ื ืืืืื ืื ืืืืืชืคื ืืืขืฅ ืืืื; ืืืืฉื ืืืจืื ืจืข ืืืืื ืื ืืืืจื ืืืืชืคื ืืืืืืข ืื ืื ืืื ืืืืืชืจ ืืฉืจ ืฆืื ืืืื ืืืืื
And his son is the head of Davidโs palace guard:
ืื ืืฆืืืง ืื ืืืืืื ืืืืืืื ืื ืืืืชืจ ืืื ืื; ืืฉืืฉื ืกืืคืจื ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืืืข ืขื ืืืจืชื ืืืคืืชื; ืืื ื ืืืื ืืจืืฉื ืื ืืื ืืืืื
ืื ืืื
ืื ืืื also only sends a few, but the fact that they send any at all is important:
ืืขื ืื ื: ืขื ืืืื ืืืื ืขืืืื ืืื ืืจืืืช ืื ืฉืืื ืฉืืืจืื ืืฉืืจืช ืืืช ืฉืืื ืืืขืืื ืืืืืืช ืืืื ืืืขื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืื.
Avner had laid the groundwork for turning ืื ืืื to David:
ืืืืืจ ืื ืืื ืจ ืืืื ื ืื ืืืื; ืืืื ืื ืืื ืจ ืืืืจ ืืืื ื ืืื ืืืืจืื ืืช ืื ืืฉืจ ืืื ืืขืื ื ืืฉืจืื ืืืขืื ื ืื ืืืช ืื ืืืื
There are still holdouts who will cause David trouble later.
ืืฉืฉืืจ
David needs more than an army; he needs a government. ืืฉืฉืืจ filled that role:
ืืืื ื ืืฉืฉืืจ ืืืืขื ืืื ื ืืขืชืื: ืฉืืืืขืื ืืชืช ืขืฆื ืืคื ืืขื ืื ืฉื ืืขืฉื ืฉืฆืจืื ืืืื ืืืชืืขืฅ ืืืื ืืืืง ืืืืืืช ืืคื ื ืื ื ืฉืืื.
ืืืืืจ ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืขื ืืขืชืื; ืื ืื ืืืจ ืืืื ืืคื ื ืื ืืืขื ืืช ืืืืื
ืืืดื saw them as a tribe of ืชืืืืื ืืืืื:
ืืืจ ืจืื ืื ืืฉืืืช ืฆืืจืื ืืจืื ื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืืชื ืืฉืื ืืื ืื ืืฉืื ืืฉืฉืืจ, ืืืชืื ืืื ื ืืฉืฉืืจ ืืืืขื ืืื ื ืืขืชืื ืืืขืช ืื ืืขืฉื ืืฉืจืื.
And this is the basis of the idea of a ืืฉืฉืืจ-ืืืืื partnership:
ืืืืืืื ืืืจ ืฉืื ืืืืื ืืฆืืชื; ืืืฉืฉืืจ ืืืืืืื
ืืฉืฉืืจ ืชืฉืืขื ืืฉืืืื, ืืืื ืืงืจืื ืฉื ื ืืืื, ืืื ืืื ืืืชืื (ืืืืืจ ื) ืืืื ืืฉื ื ืืงืจืื ื ืชื ืื ืื ืฆืืขืจ ื ืฉืื ืืฉืฉืืจ, ืืคื ื ืื, ืืคื ื ืืื ืื ืชืืจื, ืืื ืืื ืืืชืื (ืืืจืื ืืืืื ื ืื) ืืืื ื ืืฉืฉืืจ ืืืืขื ืืื ื ืืขืชืื. ืืื ืืขืชืื, ืจืื ืชื ืืืื ืืืจ ืืงืืจื ืืกืื (ืคืจืงืื, ืืื ื ืืฉื ื), ืจืื ืืืกื ืื ืงืืฆืจื ืืืจ ืืขืืืืจืื. ืจืืฉืืื ืืืชืื ืืื ืืืืื ืขื ืคืืื, ืืืชืื ืจืืฉื ืกื ืืืจืืืช ืืื ืืฉืฉืืจ ืืขืืื, ืืื ืืืืื ืขื ืคืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืกืืืืื ืืืื ืขื ืคืืื, ืืืื ืืฉืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืฉื ืืกืื ื.
ืืื ืืฉืื ืืื ืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืืฉืฉืืจ, ืืฉื ืืืืืื, ืฉืืื ืขืืกืง ืืคืจืงืืืื ืฉืื ืืืืืื ืืช ืืฉืฉืืจ ืฉืืื ืื ืชืืจื, ืืื ืืื ืืืชืื (ืืจืืฉืืช ืื) ืืืืืื ืืืืฃ ืืืื ืืฉืืื. ืืืฉืื ืืฉื ืืืจื ืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืงืืื ืืจืืช ืืืืื ืืืจืืช ืืฉืฉืืจ, (ืืืจืื ืื) ืฉืื ืืืืื ืืฆืืชื ืืืฉืฉืืจ ืืืืืืื, ืฉืื ืืืืื ืืฆืืชื, ืืื ืฉืืฉืฉืืจ ืืืืืื, ืืืฉ ืืืืจืื [ืฉืชืืจืชื ืฉื ืืฉืฉืืจ ืขื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืชื (ืฆื:ื)].
ืืืืื
ืืืืื is described as ืืขืืจ ืืื ืื ืืื, โin a flock with undivided heartsโ. The unity of purpose and action is the defining characteristic of a flock:
Why did so few of the big mammals for which Africa is famous proved domesticable? It turns out that the domesticable large Eurasian species have a follow-the-leader herd structure based on a dominance hierarchy. Hence itโs feasible for us humans to maintain the species in captivity in herds, to take over that hierarchy, and to drive the herds. In contrast, all of Africaโs social antelope species are territorial in the breeding season, when they fight and donโt tolerate each other and canโt be herded.
ืืขืืจ ืืืจืื
The Gilead sent 120,000 troops. Thatโs a huge number by comparison to the other tribes. Part of the reason is that they were still independent, where Israel proper was still under Philistine domination. They had the men at arms to send. This was probably the remnants of Ish Boshetโs army. However, the east side of the Jordan was generally more militarized and had a โWild Westโ atmosphere:
ืืฃ ืขื ืคื ืฉืืืจืฅ ืื ืขื ืชืฉืขื ืฉืืืื ืืืื ืืื ื ืืื ืฉื ืื ืืืฆื, ืืฉืื ืื ืื ืขืจื ืืงืื ืฉืืื ืืฉืื ืืืืืขื ื ืคืืฉื ืจืืฆืืื.
ืืืื ืืืจ ืืจืื ืืจืืื ืื; ืืืืื ืฉืื ืืืจืฃ ืืจืืข ืืฃ ืงืืงืื
ืืืืื ืฉืื: ืืคื ืฉืืื ืกืืื ืืกืคืจ ืืคืืื ื ืืฉื ืืืจืืืช ืฉืื ืืกืืืืื ืืกืคืจ ืฆืจืืืื ืืืืืช ืืืืจืื.
Then ืืืจื ืืืืื describes the coronation ceremony in a little more detail (at least in the menu):
ืื ืื ืืื ืื ืฉื ืืืืื ืขืืจื ืืขืจืื ืืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืจืื ื ืืืืืื ืืช ืืืื ืขื ืื ืืฉืจืื; ืืื ืื ืฉืจืืช ืืฉืจืื ืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืช ืืืืื
ื ืืืืื ืฉื ืขื ืืืื ืืืื ืฉืืืฉื ืืืืื ืืฉืืชืื; ืื ืืืื ื ืืื ืืืืืื
ืื ืืื ืืงืจืืืื ืืืืื ืขื ืืฉืฉืืจ ืืืืืื ืื ืคืชืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืืืจืื ืืืืืืื ืืืคืจืืื ืืืืงืจ ืืืื ืงืื ืืืืื ืืฆืืืงืื ืืืื ืืฉืื ืืืงืจ ืืฆืื ืืจื; ืื ืฉืืื ืืืฉืจืืื
ืืื ืื ืฉืืจืืช: ืืฃ ืืืชื ืฉืื ืืื.
ืืืืื: ืืืจืืื ืื ืฉื ืืืจืื.
The Past is Prologue
Our text returns to the standard introduction to Israelite kings:
ื ืื ืฉืืฉืื ืฉื ื ืืื ืืืืื; ืืจืืขืื ืฉื ื ืืืื
ื ืืืืจืื ืืื ืขื ืืืืื ืฉืืข ืฉื ืื ืืฉืฉื ืืืฉืื; ืืืืจืืฉืื ืืื ืฉืืฉืื ืืฉืืฉ ืฉื ื ืขื ืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืืื
Now, Davidโs story really begins.