Shortly after Avraham arrives in the land, he leaves.
Many pixels have been darkened over Avraham’s lie about Sara, and about the fact that they apparently did this a lot.
Ramban holds Avraham accountable for this.
Sforno (and Abarbanel) says that it wasn’t immoral. It was a realistic plan to stay alive. Like all human beings, the powers that be in כל המקום אשר נבוא שמה would follow the rules, as long as it wasn’t too hard. If some potentate wanted a woman, he would be fine with negotiating with her guardian (father or, in this case, brother) for her. It’s only if the woman was married that he had to kill the husband to get the woman.
We see exactly that in the narrative of Dinah and Shechem:
And the implications from Avraham’s words to Avimelech is that it usually worked. It was only in these two cases when it failed.
But Rashi throws a monkey wrench into our analysis:
למען ייטב לי בעבורך and חיתה נפשי בגללך are two different things. I am OK with doing this למען חיתה נפשי; his life was at risk. But was Avraham so greedy that he would put his wife at risk for מתנות?
The commentators on Rashi offer all sorts of justifications.
At this time, in the time of famine, Avraham is penniless. He needs the money.
He was promised riches in his new land, but once in חוץ לארץ he can’t rely on that ברכה.
Taking things from the goyim is fine.
Needless to say, I am not happy about any of these.
The Shem MiShmuel refers to Ramban’s idea of מעשה אבות סימן לבנים. This mini-exile in Egypt was the paradigm of Israel’s years of slavery. At the end of that era, the Egyptians gave them מתנות:
And Avraham knew that would happen (the ברית בין הבתרים is later in the parsha but according to Rashi’s chronology occurred first):
And so Avraham felt obligated to “pre-enact” all the details:
But that is a very “chassidish” reading; there is no מצווה to make prophecies come true.
So I assumed that contemporary sources would have similar moral concerns about יתנו לי מתנות and would address it. One source, an anonymous shiur mentioned on https://forum.otzar.org/viewtopic.php?t=37044, says that Rashi basically agrees with Sforno above. אמרי נא אחתי את will lead to ייטב לי בעבורך: יתנו לי מתנות and that will lead to חיתה נפשי בגללך.
Another reading is that we are parsing the pasuk wrong. Avraham asked Sara to say he was her brother and to say that he, her brother, was looking to marry her off for a large bride price. למען ייטב לי בעבורך was part of the con:
But the explanation I like best comes from a commentator on tora-forum.co.il. Avraham wants to live in peace with his neighbors. Rav Dessler often makes the point that giving willingly to another person generates positive feelings in the giver.
Avraham and Sara failed here in Egypt. But I like the image of Avraham and Sara, as part of their evangelism for ethical monotheism, teaching this lesson. We do not love the one from whom we get, but we love the one to whom we give.