Last week we talked about the various symbolic crowns in the משכן, and someone pointed out that the כהן גדול had a literal crown:
That crown had a name:
All these articles of clothing had symbolic meaning.
But that’s not what the pasuk says: ונשא אהרן את עון הקדשים אשר יקדישו בני ישראל לכל מתנת קדשיהם. So the gemara also says that it had a halachic purpose:
לרצון להם לפני ה׳ has a specific meaning with respect to קרבנות. It means that the קרבן was valid, that it “took”.
So when the כהן גדול wears the ציץ, the קרבנות of the people would be acceptable בדיעבד, even if they were טמא. That only applied to טומאה, not to other פסולים in the קרבנות:
Why is טומאה different? And why should that be connected to the ציץ?
In other words, the ציץ makes each individual halachically equivalent to the ציבור as a whole, and טומאה הותרה בציבור.
There’s another aspect of the ציץ: והיה על מצחו תמיד לרצון להם לפני ה׳. The gemara tries to understand what תמיד means. It can’t mean “always”:
The irony is that on יום כפור, when you would think we would need לרצון להם לפני ה׳ the most, the כהן גדול isn’t wearing the ציץ.
So what does תמיד mean?
So as long as the כהן גדול is thinking about קדש לה׳, it will have the effect of לרצון להם לפני ה׳. The ציץ is just a symbol. Presumably, he is focused enough on יום כפור that the physical symbol is not necessary.
So now we can start to put some of the pieces together. The ציץ comes to atone for עזות מצח, arrogance, and to atone for טומאת קודשים by treating an individual as part of a ציבור. Those go together; arrogance is the feeling that I am better than you, I don’t need others. That creates a פגם, a blemish, in my קרבן. I can’t get close to ה׳ (that’s what קרבן means) on my own; I need to be part of the ציבור.
The “crown” on the כהן גדול is meant to be looked at; ציץ means to “glance”, “see”:
But “seeing” isn’t only with the eyes.
The Ohr HaChaim explains what the engraving on the ציץ—קדש לה׳—means:
The crown of the כהן גדול says that כנסת ישראל is קדש לה׳. He cannot lose focus on that, and neither can we.
The term used for the תפילין של ראש actually means “ציץ”:
We don’t wear תפילין all the time. But as with the כהן גדול, it’s the thought that counts. We need to stay focused on the fact that we are a single community, a ציבור, that is dedicated קדש לה׳, and that is our role in the world: