In the
last two weeks we’ve dealt with nuclear physics, geochemistry, genetics and physiology. Now, with the advent of חודש אלול, I think we could use some chassidus.
There is a very powerful poem that was published in 1966.
And the metaphor, of life a a series of doors that we have to decide whether or not to go through, is how the Sfas Emes understands the opening of our parsha:
So שפטים ושטרים תתן לך בכל שעריך means that I have to think about the decisions I make, the doors I go through and the doors I will not be
coming back to.
The parsha continues:
And the Sfas Emes continues in the same vein, that צדק צדק תרדף means I have to be actively involved in making those good choices. And ה׳ is assuring me that I can make those choices.
The requirement of תרדף means I have to remain aware of what I am doing. The Ramchal in מסילת ישרים outlines the path to spiritual perfection. The first step is זהירות, which I would translate as “mindfulness”. It’s not about making good choices (that’s step two); it’s about being aware that there are choices to be made.
I tell patients that every diet works. The act of paying attention to what you are eating, in and of itself, means that you will be eating healthier. Free medical advice: never eat with the TV on.
Moral decisions are the same way.
The parsha continues with a series of apparently unrelated laws:
טז:כא לא תטע לך אשרה כל עץ; אצל מזבח ה׳ אלקיך אשר תעשה לך׃
טז:כב ולא תקים לך מצבה אשר שנא ה׳ אלקיך׃
יז:א לא תזבח לה׳ אלקיך שור ושה אשר יהיה בו מום כל דבר רע; כי תועבת ה׳ אלקיך הוא׃
—ספר דברים
We talked about this in פרשת שופטים תשע״ז. The midrash says that those laws were part of Shlomo’s throne:
The Kli Yakar is bothered by those last three; what do they have to do with being a good king and judge?
So he says that each of these three laws, while they are laws in a literal sense, are here as metaphors for judgment.
An אשירה is a tree that overshadows its environment:
A מצבה is a single standing stone:
Those are metaphors for how not to judge:
The classic מומים are being blind and lame:
Both of those are metaphors for the consequences of bribery:
This is more than the requirement not to take a bribe in a specific case; it means that taking bribes permanently destroys your ability to be an impartial judge. David metaphorically removed the blind and the lame from Jerusalem.
And these six prohibitions (three literal, three metaphoric) are not just for שלומה המלך; we are all in charge of our own internal judges.
Our prejudices and self-interest act as “bribes” that blind our judgment. The Torah is telling us to not be a מצבה—don’t be so self-important that you think you alone can judge; don’t be an אשרה—don’t try to overshadow others (listen to what they are telling you); and don’t be a בעל מום—don’t let your self-interest blind you. In Elul, we need to wake up and think, and listen to the feedback that others are giving us. That is one of the messages of the shofar.
Pay attention to the doors you are going through and the doors you are closing softly.