This shiur is dedicated in memory of my father, אבי מורי רב מאיר בן דוד עזריאל ע״ה, whose eighteenth yahrzeit is this כז תמוז.
This week’s parsha deals with בנות צלפחד and Moshe’s response:
Rav Shimon Schwab is bothered by a pair of Rashis:
Now, these are from different midrashic sources; the first from Sifrei and the second from Tanchuma (and Bamidbar Rabba), so it is not unusual that they would have different interpretations. But what is Rashi thinking, bringing both of them?
Rav Schwab proposes an interesting answer. First, the “שבח” in Moshe’s response is that he doesn’t immediately pray for himself, but looks at who will lead the people after he is gone:
So even asking about his sons is in fact thinking about the people more than himself.
And his prayer for ירשו בני את גדלתי isn’t about them assuming his position. Moshe knows the halacha:
So Moshe is not asking that his sons take over for him. He knows that they will take over; that’s the natural response. But he also knows that his sons are not at his level; they aren’t really worthy of leadership. We dealt with this in detail in פרשת משפטים תשע״ד; the midrash criticizes them for not following in their father’s footsteps:
And his sons remained “plain” לווים:
But Moshe is ענו מכל אדם. He doesn’t think that he had been worthy of leadership 40 years before; he was just in the right place and the right time, and ה׳ gave him the ability to lead.
So Moshe’s prayer is ירשו בני את גדלתי: that ה׳ grant them the same greatness that he was granted. אתבע צרכי means he is asking ה׳ to reassure him that the people will not be left כצאן אשר אין להם רעה. Moshe is asking for the peace of mind of knowing that the people will not be left with inadequate leadership.
Moshe isn’t asking that his sons become the leaders of בני ישראל; he’s afraid that is what is going to happen. So he asks that they have “greatness thrust upon them”. It’s analogous to שלמה, when he becomes king at the age of 12:
But Moshe doesn’t think his sons will have the foresight to ask, so he has to do it for them.
But ה׳ answers that he is missing the point. I think there is a hint (though I have not seen this anywhere else) in ה׳'s command to Moshe:
Why call it הר העברים? The mountain is named הר נבו; the location is (במדבר כב:א) ערבות מואב, ”the fords of Moav“, מעבר לירדן ירחו, but this is just one of the mountains there. Artscroll just transliterates it as “mountain of Abarim”.
Hirsch more meaningfully translates it as “Mount of Transition”. This mountain is the symbol of the transition from Moshe to the next generation of leaders. And our parsha teaches us that עברה is a specific kind of transition:
Moshe is correct that he will be succeeded by his son. But not all children are biological:
Moshe is told, בנו עומד תחתיו. But it won’t be your genetic sons. תורה is not an inheritance. Your student, משרתו יהושע בן נון, of whom it was said, לא ימיש מתוך האהל, is the son who will inherit your position. That is the message of עלה אל הר העברים הזה.
I am my father’s genetic progeny. Every once in a while, I look in the mirror and see my father looking out. It’s a nice feeling. But more importantly, I want to be my father’s son in the real sense, reflecting his love of Torah and of his fellow man, his ענוות.