The language of חַשְׁתִּי וְלֹא הִתְמַהְמָהְתִּי is familiar to us from later נביאים:
But they use the words to describe G-d's actions. They are used in a more negative sense; it is not our place to judge how ה׳ fulfils His word, whether בְּעִתָּהּ or אֲחִישֶׁנָּה, even אִם יִתְמַהְמָהּ as we quote in the אני מאמין. The contrast is with David’s words: it’s our job to be חַשׁ וְלֹא הִתְמַהְמָה לִשְׁמֹר מִצְוֺתֶיךָ. Trying to second-guess G-d is not only impossible, it’s wrong:
So David emphasizes, תורתך לא שכחתי no matter how stressed or lost I feel.
חצות לילה אקום
Waking at midnight is the narrative center of this stich. One could read this as פשט:
But we know the Aggadic understanding:
Now, the wind-driven harp is a real thing:
The St. Louis Science Center had an Aeolian Harp as part of the outdoor hands-on exhibit outside the planetarium, but when they remodeled in 1991, it was moved to Blind Boone Park in Warrensburg.
So it is entirely possible that David had a wind harp that awoke him at midnight to sing על משפטי צדקך. But I’d like to look at the Aggadic side of the story. What is the North wind that blows at midnight, that blew for David but not for Moshe?
So David could use the north wind that blew at midnight, but Moshe could not, since it would have scattered the Clouds of Glory. What does that even mean? I’ve talked before about taking Aggadah ”seriously but not literally“ and I’d like to think about what it means. This is entirely my own approach; take it with a grain of salt.
You could look at midnight in two different ways; it is the depth of the darkness of night:
On the other hand, it is the point when the darkness turns. Things only get lighter from there.
For Moshe, the power of ה׳ is immediate and obvious. Midnight is when the Egyptians are killed:
The ענני הכבוד represent the presence of the שכינה, and בני ישראל feel that presence. They surrounded by miracles like the מן, and when they sin, they are immediately punished.
We could say that Moshe sees a midnight of דין. He rejects a relationship with ה׳ that is indirect, that only comes through His messengers:
But that’s how the world works. The forces of nature are the מאלכים:
So the winds are in fact incompatible with the ענני הגבוד. They represent two different ways of ה׳'s manifestation in the world. The north wind, in this reading, is a healing force, a symbol of רחמים. It blows at midnight, making it a time when things turn around:
This becomes in Chassidic thought the origin of תיקון חצות:
And it is David who creates this תפילה, as he is the paragon of תשובה:
And so he can conclude: חסדך ה׳ מלאה הארץ.
And seeing midnight as the transition from דין to רחמים helps understand another part of the gemara. In terms of the תלמוד תורה that is the theme of the entire perek, it symbolizes two ways of learning: the left brain, analytic and orderly, before חצות and the right brain, emotional and holistic, after. As רב אשי says, עד חצות לילה היה עוסק בדברי תורה מכאן ואילך בשירות ותשבחות.
We could call it the distinction between הלכה and אגדה, and we will look at that more in the next section.