ื‘ืกืดื“

Kavanot: Keep Your Friends Close

Thoughts on Tanach and the Davening

Weโ€™ve spent a long time dealing with Saul and the necromancer. Itโ€™s time to go back to David. To review, he has been a mercenary and vassal of the Philistines:

ื ื•ื™ืืžืจ ื“ื•ื“ ืืœ ืœื‘ื• ืขืชื” ืืกืคื” ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“ ื‘ื™ื“ ืฉืื•ืœ; ืื™ืŸ ืœื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื›ื™ ื”ืžืœื˜ ืืžืœื˜ ืืœ ืืจืฅ ืคืœืฉืชื™ื ื•ื ื•ืืฉ ืžืžื ื™ ืฉืื•ืœ ืœื‘ืงืฉื ื™ ืขื•ื“ ื‘ื›ืœ ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื ืžืœื˜ืชื™ ืžื™ื“ื•ืƒ ื‘ ื•ื™ืงื ื“ื•ื“ ื•ื™ืขื‘ืจ ื”ื•ื ื•ืฉืฉ ืžืื•ืช ืื™ืฉ ืืฉืจ ืขืžื•; ืืœ ืื›ื™ืฉ ื‘ืŸ ืžืขื•ืš ืžืœืš ื’ืชืƒ ื’ ื•ื™ืฉื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ืขื ืื›ื™ืฉ ื‘ื’ืช ื”ื•ื ื•ืื ืฉื™ื• ืื™ืฉ ื•ื‘ื™ืชื•; ื“ื•ื“ ื•ืฉืชื™ ื ืฉื™ื• ืื—ื™ื ืขื ื”ื™ื–ืจืขืืœืช ื•ืื‘ื™ื’ื™ืœ ืืฉืช ื ื‘ืœ ื”ื›ืจืžืœื™ืชืƒ โ€ฆ

ื– ื•ื™ื”ื™ ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ืืฉืจ ื™ืฉื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื‘ืฉื“ื” ืคืœืฉืชื™ื ื™ืžื™ื ื•ืืจื‘ืขื” ื—ื“ืฉื™ืืƒ

ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื ืคืจืง ื›ื–

And we noted that there are two different ways to interpret ื™ืžื™ื ื•ืืจื‘ืขื” ื—ื“ืฉื™ื. The ืคืฉื˜, in my opinion, is that ื™ืžื™ื means a year (as it does throughout ืชื ืดืš), and David was in ืฉื“ื” ืคืœืฉืชื™ื for 16 months. The ืกื“ืจ ืขื•ืœื and the commentators that follow it read ื™ืžื™ื as days, because it understands the entire reign of Saul to only cover two years. Thus David is in ืฉื“ื” ืคืœืฉืชื™ื for only four months.

At the end of this period, David is summoned by Achish:

ื ื•ื™ื”ื™ ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื”ื”ื ื•ื™ืงื‘ืฆื• ืคืœืฉืชื™ื ืืช ืžื—ื ื™ื”ื ืœืฆื‘ื ืœื”ืœื—ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ; ื•ื™ืืžืจ ืื›ื™ืฉ ืืœ ื“ื•ื“ ื™ื“ืข ืชื“ืข ื›ื™ ืืชื™ ืชืฆื ื‘ืžื—ื ื” ืืชื” ื•ืื ืฉื™ืšืƒ ื‘ ื•ื™ืืžืจ ื“ื•ื“ ืืœ ืื›ื™ืฉ ืœื›ืŸ ืืชื” ืชื“ืข ืืช ืืฉืจ ื™ืขืฉื” ืขื‘ื“ืš; ื•ื™ืืžืจ ืื›ื™ืฉ ืืœ ื“ื•ื“ ืœื›ืŸ ืฉืžืจ ืœืจืืฉื™ ืืฉื™ืžืš ื›ืœ ื”ื™ืžื™ืืƒ

ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื ืคืจืง ื›ื—

We cited the Alshich that Achishโ€™s words imply that he does not trust David completely:

ืืš ื”ื ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืงื•ื ืœื—ื•ืฉ ืคืŸ ืœื”ืชืจืฆื•ืช ืืช ืฉืื•ืœ ืื“ื•ื ื™ื• ื•ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ืฉืืจ ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•, ื•ื‘ื”ืœื—ืžื• ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ื‘ื ื“ื•ื“ ื•ืื ืฉื™ื• ืžืื—ืจื™ื”ื ื•ืชื”ื™ื” ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ืœืคืœืฉืชื™ื ืคื ื™ื ื•ืื—ื•ืจ, ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื”ื™ืชื” ื”ืขืฆื” ื”ื ืื•ืชื” ืœืœื›ืช ื“ื•ื“ ื‘ืืžืฆืข ืžื—ื ื” ืคืœืฉืชื™ื, ืฉืื ื™ื—ืคื•ืฅ ืœืจื™ื‘ ืขื ืื›ื™ืฉ, ื™ื”ื™ื” ื›ืชื•ื ืžื›ืžืจ (ื›ืžื• ื‘ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ื ื:ื›) ืžืกื•ื‘ื‘ ืžืคืœืฉืชื™ื.

ืืœืฉื™ืš, ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื ื›ื—:ื

As Michael Corleone said:

There are many things my father taught me here in this room. He taught me: keep your friends close, but your enemies closer.

The Godfather Part II

But the Malbim saw this as proof that Achish did nto trust his own people:

ื›ื™ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ืžืœืš ื”ืœื›ื• ื”ื›ืจืชื™ ื•ื”ืคืœืชื™ ืœืฉืžืจื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื ื™ ืฆืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืื ืฉื™ ื—ื™ืœื• ื‘ืœ ื™ืžืจื“ื• ื‘ื•, ื•ืœืจื•ื‘ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื•ื—ืจ ืœื–ื” ืื ืฉื™ ื—ื™ืœ ืžืืจืฅ ืื—ืจืช ืฉืœื ื™ืฉืชืชืคื• ืขื ืื ืฉื™ ื—ื™ืœื• ื‘ืžืจื“

ืžืœื‘ื™ืดื, ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื ื›ื—:ื

Of course, both are probably true; I imagine that one does not become leader of the Philistine commonwealth by being too trusting. Still, he seems to feel that David is on his side.

Then we have the incident with Saul interposed (and we will have to understand why the text does this), and now we return to David and Achish:

ื ื•ื™ืงื‘ืฆื• ืคืœืฉืชื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ืžื—ื ื™ื”ื ืืคืงื”; ื•ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื—ื ื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืŸ ืืฉืจ ื‘ื™ื–ืจืขืืœืƒ ื‘ ื•ืกืจื ื™ ืคืœืฉืชื™ื ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืœืžืื•ืช ื•ืœืืœืคื™ื; ื•ื“ื•ื“ ื•ืื ืฉื™ื• ืขื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืื—ืจื ื” ืขื ืื›ื™ืฉืƒ ื’ ื•ื™ืืžืจื• ืฉืจื™ ืคืœืฉืชื™ื ืžื” ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื”; ื•ื™ืืžืจ ืื›ื™ืฉ ืืœ ืฉืจื™ ืคืœืฉืชื™ื ื”ืœื•ื ื–ื” ื“ื•ื“ ืขื‘ื“ ืฉืื•ืœ ืžืœืš ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ืืชื™ ื–ื” ื™ืžื™ื ืื• ื–ื” ืฉื ื™ื ื•ืœื ืžืฆืืชื™ ื‘ื• ืžืื•ืžื” ืžื™ื•ื ื ืคืœื• ืขื“ ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื–ื”ืƒ

ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื ืคืจืง ื›ื˜

The Philistine leaders clearly do not trust David as much as Achish does.

The phrase ื–ื” ื™ืžื™ื ืื• ื–ื” ืฉื ื™ื argues in favor of the โ€œ16 monthโ€ interpretation; we would simply translate it as โ€œa year or twoโ€. The other commentators have to stretch the wording to make it fit:

ืคืจื•ืฉื• ื”ื™ื” ืขืžื™ ื–ื” ื™ืžื™ื ื•ืื ื™ ืžื›ื™ืจื• ืœื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื” ืขืžื™ ื–ื” ืฉื ื™ื

ืจื“ืดืง, ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื ื›ื˜:ื’, ื“ืดื” ืื• ื–ื” ืฉื ื™ื

ืจืฆื” ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ืฉื‘ ื‘ืฉื“ื” ืคืœืฉืชื™ื ื–ื” ื™ืžื™ื, ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ืžื™ื ื•ืืจื‘ืขื” ื—ื“ืฉื™ื, ืื• ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื—ืฉื‘ ืžืŸ ื”ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ืจื— ืœื‘ื“ื• ืืœ ืื›ื™ืฉ ืฉืžืขืช ื”ื”ื™ื ืžืจื“, ื•ื”ื™ื” ื–ื” ืฉื ื™ื

ืžืœื‘ื™ืดื, ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื ื›ื˜:ื’, ื“ืดื” ื–ื” ื™ืžื™ื ืื• ื–ื” ืฉื ื™ื

Note that Achish describes Davidโ€™s time with him as ื™ื•ื ื ืคืœื•.โ€Ž ื ืคื™ืœื” appears in ืชื ืดืš meaning โ€œsettlementโ€:

ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืฉื›ืŸ ืขืžื™ ื›ืžื• ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื›ืœ ืื—ื™ื• ื ืคืœ

ืจื“ืดืง, ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื ื›ื˜:ื’, ื“ืดื” ืžื™ื•ื ื ืคืœื•

ื™ื‘ ื•ืืœื” ืชืœื“ืช ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ื‘ืŸ ืื‘ืจื”ื; ืืฉืจ ื™ืœื“ื” ื”ื’ืจ ื”ืžืฆืจื™ืช ืฉืคื—ืช ืฉืจื” ืœืื‘ืจื”ืืƒ ื™ื’ ื•ืืœื” ืฉืžื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ื‘ืฉืžืชื ืœืชื•ืœื“ืชื; ื‘ื›ืจ ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ื ื‘ื™ืช ื•ืงื“ืจ ื•ืื“ื‘ืืœ ื•ืžื‘ืฉืืƒ โ€ฆ ื™ื— ื•ื™ืฉื›ื ื• ืžื—ื•ื™ืœื” ืขื“ ืฉื•ืจ ืืฉืจ ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืžืฆืจื™ื ื‘ืื›ื” ืืฉื•ืจื”; ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื›ืœ ืื—ื™ื• ื ืคืœืƒ

ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืคืจืง ื›ื”

But itโ€™s generally not a positive sense:

ื˜ ื•ื™ื”ื™ ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ื”ื”ื•ื ื•ื™ืืžืจ ืืœื™ื• ื”ืณ ืงื•ื ืจื“ ื‘ืžื—ื ื”; ื›ื™ ื ืชืชื™ื• ื‘ื™ื“ืšืƒ ื™ ื•ืื ื™ืจื ืืชื” ืœืจื“ืช ืจื“ ืืชื” ื•ืคืจื” ื ืขืจืš ืืœ ื”ืžื—ื ื”ืƒ ื™ื ื•ืฉืžืขืช ืžื” ื™ื“ื‘ืจื• ื•ืื—ืจ ืชื—ื–ืงื ื” ื™ื“ื™ืš ื•ื™ืจื“ืช ื‘ืžื—ื ื”; ื•ื™ืจื“ ื”ื•ื ื•ืคืจื” ื ืขืจื• ืืœ ืงืฆื” ื”ื—ืžืฉื™ื ืืฉืจ ื‘ืžื—ื ื”ืƒ ื™ื‘ ื•ืžื“ื™ืŸ ื•ืขืžืœืง ื•ื›ืœ ื‘ื ื™ ืงื“ื ื ืคืœื™ื ื‘ืขืžืง ื›ืืจื‘ื” ืœืจื‘; ื•ืœื’ืžืœื™ื”ื ืื™ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ ื›ื—ื•ืœ ืฉืขืœ ืฉืคืช ื”ื™ื ืœืจื‘ืƒ

ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื ืคืจืง ื– [ื’ื“ืขื•ืŸ]

And Rashi understands the reference in the story of Ishmael negatively:

ื›ืืŸ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื ืคื™ืœื” ื•ืœื”ืœืŸ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื›ืœ ืื—ื™ื• ื™ืฉื›ื•ืŸ (ืœืขื™ืœ ื˜ื–:ื™ื‘), ืขื“ ืฉืœื ืžืช ืื‘ืจื”ื ื™ืฉื›ื•ืŸ, ืžืฉืžืช ืื‘ืจื”ื ื ืคืœ.

ืจืฉืดื™ืณ ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื›ื”:ื™ื—, ื“ืดื” ื ืคืœ

And here there is also a sense of the negative:

ื›ืชื‘ ืจืžืดื“ ื•ื•ืืœื™ ื–ืฆืดืœ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื ื“ืžื” ืœื• ืœืื›ื™ืฉ ืฉื“ื•ื“ ื ืคืœ ืžืžื“ืจื’ืชื• ื•ืžืŸ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื•ืœื›ืš ืืžืจ ื ืคืœื•

ืžืฉื‘ืฆื•ืช ื–ื”ื‘, ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื ื›ื˜:ื’

ื“ ื•ื™ืงืฆืคื• ืขืœื™ื• ืฉืจื™ ืคืœืฉืชื™ื ื•ื™ืืžืจื• ืœื• ืฉืจื™ ืคืœืฉืชื™ื ื”ืฉื‘ ืืช ื”ืื™ืฉ ื•ื™ืฉื‘ ืืœ ืžืงื•ืžื• ืืฉืจ ื”ืคืงื“ืชื• ืฉื ื•ืœื ื™ืจื“ ืขืžื ื• ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื” ื•ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• ืœืฉื˜ืŸ ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื”; ื•ื‘ืžื” ื™ืชืจืฆื” ื–ื” ืืœ ืื“ื ื™ื• ื”ืœื•ื ื‘ืจืืฉื™ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื”ืืƒ ื” ื”ืœื•ื ื–ื” ื“ื•ื“ ืืฉืจ ื™ืขื ื• ืœื• ื‘ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืœืืžืจ; ื”ื›ื” ืฉืื•ืœ ื‘ืืœืคื™ื• ื•ื“ื•ื“ ื‘ืจื‘ื‘ืชื•ืƒ

ื• ื•ื™ืงืจื ืื›ื™ืฉ ืืœ ื“ื•ื“ ื•ื™ืืžืจ ืืœื™ื• ื—ื™ ื”ืณ ื›ื™ ื™ืฉืจ ืืชื” ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ืฆืืชืš ื•ื‘ืืš ืืชื™ ื‘ืžื—ื ื” ื›ื™ ืœื ืžืฆืืชื™ ื‘ืš ืจืขื” ืžื™ื•ื ื‘ืืš ืืœื™ ืขื“ ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื–ื”; ื•ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ื”ืกืจื ื™ื ืœื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืืชื”ืƒ ื– ื•ืขืชื” ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืœืš ื‘ืฉืœื•ื; ื•ืœื ืชืขืฉื” ืจืข ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ืกืจื ื™ ืคืœืฉืชื™ืืƒ

ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื ืคืจืง ื›ื˜

The irony here is that while Achish is presented as an honorable leader, he is completely wrong. The ืฉืจื™ ืคืœืฉืชื™ื are right: David is a double agent:

ื— ื•ื™ืขืœ ื“ื•ื“ ื•ืื ืฉื™ื• ื•ื™ืคืฉื˜ื• ืืœ ื”ื’ืฉื•ืจื™ ื•ื”ื’ืจื–ื™ (ื•ื”ื’ื–ืจื™) ื•ื”ืขืžืœืงื™; ื›ื™ ื”ื ื” ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื”ืืจืฅ ืืฉืจ ืžืขื•ืœื ื‘ื•ืืš ืฉื•ืจื” ื•ืขื“ ืืจืฅ ืžืฆืจื™ืืƒ ื˜ ื•ื”ื›ื” ื“ื•ื“ ืืช ื”ืืจืฅ ื•ืœื ื™ื—ื™ื” ืื™ืฉ ื•ืืฉื”; ื•ืœืงื— ืฆืืŸ ื•ื‘ืงืจ ื•ื—ืžืจื™ื ื•ื’ืžืœื™ื ื•ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื ื•ื™ืฉื‘ ื•ื™ื‘ื ืืœ ืื›ื™ืฉืƒ ื™ ื•ื™ืืžืจ ืื›ื™ืฉ ืืœ ืคืฉื˜ืชื ื”ื™ื•ื; ื•ื™ืืžืจ ื“ื•ื“ ืขืœ ื ื’ื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ืขืœ ื ื’ื‘ ื”ื™ืจื—ืžืืœื™ ื•ืืœ ื ื’ื‘ ื”ืงื™ื ื™ืƒ ื™ื ื•ืื™ืฉ ื•ืืฉื” ืœื ื™ื—ื™ื” ื“ื•ื“ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื’ืช ืœืืžืจ ืคืŸ ื™ื’ื“ื• ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืืžืจ; ื›ื” ืขืฉื” ื“ื•ื“ ื•ื›ื” ืžืฉืคื˜ื• ื›ืœ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ืืฉืจ ื™ืฉื‘ ื‘ืฉื“ื” ืคืœืฉืชื™ืืƒ ื™ื‘ ื•ื™ืืžืŸ ืื›ื™ืฉ ื‘ื“ื•ื“ ืœืืžืจ; ื”ื‘ืืฉ ื”ื‘ืื™ืฉ ื‘ืขืžื• ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ืœืขื‘ื“ ืขื•ืœืืƒ

ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื ืคืจืง ื›ื–

ื— ื•ื™ืืžืจ ื“ื•ื“ ืืœ ืื›ื™ืฉ ื›ื™ ืžื” ืขืฉื™ืชื™ ื•ืžื” ืžืฆืืช ื‘ืขื‘ื“ืš ืžื™ื•ื ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืœืคื ื™ืš ืขื“ ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื–ื”; ื›ื™ ืœื ืื‘ื•ื ื•ื ืœื—ืžืชื™ ื‘ืื™ื‘ื™ ืื“ื ื™ ื”ืžืœืšืƒ ื˜ ื•ื™ืขืŸ ืื›ื™ืฉ ื•ื™ืืžืจ ืืœ ื“ื•ื“ ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืืชื” ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ื›ืžืœืืš ืืœืงื™ื; ืืš ืฉืจื™ ืคืœืฉืชื™ื ืืžืจื• ืœื ื™ืขืœื” ืขืžื ื• ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื”ืƒ ื™ ื•ืขืชื” ื”ืฉื›ื ื‘ื‘ืงืจ ื•ืขื‘ื“ื™ ืื“ื ื™ืš ืืฉืจ ื‘ืื• ืืชืš; ื•ื”ืฉื›ืžืชื ื‘ื‘ืงืจ ื•ืื•ืจ ืœื›ื ื•ืœื›ื•ืƒ ื™ื ื•ื™ืฉื›ื ื“ื•ื“ ื”ื•ื ื•ืื ืฉื™ื• ืœืœื›ืช ื‘ื‘ืงืจ ืœืฉื•ื‘ ืืœ ืืจืฅ ืคืœืฉืชื™ื; ื•ืคืœืฉืชื™ื ืขืœื• ื™ื–ืจืขืืœืƒ

ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื ืคืจืง ื›ื˜

When Achish calls David ื›ืžืœืืš ืืœืงื™ื I donโ€™t think he is making a religious statement. It is an observation about Davidโ€™s supernatural success, similar to the description of Joseph:

ื ื•ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื”ื•ืจื“ ืžืฆืจื™ืžื”; ื•ื™ืงื ื”ื• ืคื•ื˜ื™ืคืจ ืกืจื™ืก ืคืจืขื” ืฉืจ ื”ื˜ื‘ื—ื™ื ืื™ืฉ ืžืฆืจื™ ืžื™ื“ ื”ื™ืฉืžืขืืœื™ื ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ืจื“ื”ื• ืฉืžื”ืƒ ื‘ ื•ื™ื”ื™ ื”ืณ ืืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื”ื™ ืื™ืฉ ืžืฆืœื™ื—; ื•ื™ื”ื™ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืื“ื ื™ื• ื”ืžืฆืจื™ืƒ ื’ ื•ื™ืจื ืื“ื ื™ื• ื›ื™ ื”ืณ ืืชื•; ื•ื›ืœ ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ืขืฉื” ื”ืณ ืžืฆืœื™ื— ื‘ื™ื“ื•ืƒ ื“ ื•ื™ืžืฆื ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื—ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื• ื•ื™ืฉืจืช ืืชื•; ื•ื™ืคืงื“ื”ื• ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืชื• ื•ื›ืœ ื™ืฉ ืœื• ื ืชืŸ ื‘ื™ื“ื•ืƒ

ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืคืจืง ืœื˜

This is why Achish wants to trust David. He needs David on his team, and is willing to take the risk where his commanders are not.

The ืžืฉื‘ืฆื•ืช ื–ื”ื‘ cites the ื›ืœื™ ื™ืงืจ who notes that David objects to Achishโ€™s initial command to ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืœืš ื‘ืฉืœื•ื but says nothing after the second command ื•ืขืชื” ื”ืฉื›ื ื‘ื‘ืงืจ. He points out that the difference is that in the first case, it is just David who is dismissed. The rest of his band of (ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื ื›ื‘:ื‘)โ€Ž ื›ืœ ืื™ืฉ ืžืฆื•ืง ื•ื›ืœ ืื™ืฉ ืืฉืจ ืœื• ื ืฉื ื•ื›ืœ ืื™ืฉ ืžืจ ื ืคืฉ would have remained with the Philistines. While David himself certainly would not have attacked the Israelites, one suspects that his men would have been happy to be mercenaries to the highest bidder. Only after Achish allows that ื•ืขื‘ื“ื™ ืื“ื ื™ืš ืืฉืจ ื‘ืื• ืืชืš should leave with him is David willing to go.


So David and his men go to return to his base in Ziklag. But they do not go alone:

ื› ื•ืžืžื ืฉื” ื ืคืœื• ืขืœ ื“ื•ื™ื“ ื‘ื‘ืื• ืขื ืคืœืฉืชื™ื ืขืœ ืฉืื•ืœ ืœืžืœื—ืžื” ื•ืœื ืขื–ืจื; ื›ื™ ื‘ืขืฆื” ืฉืœื—ื”ื• ืกืจื ื™ ืคืœืฉืชื™ื ืœืืžืจ ื‘ืจืืฉื™ื ื• ื™ืคื•ืœ ืืœ ืื“ื ื™ื• ืฉืื•ืœืƒ ื›ื ื‘ืœื›ืชื• ืืœ ืฆื™ืงืœื’ ื ืคืœื• ืขืœื™ื• ืžืžื ืฉื” ืขื“ื ื— ื•ื™ื•ื–ื‘ื“ ื•ื™ื“ื™ืขืืœ ื•ืžื™ื›ืืœ ื•ื™ื•ื–ื‘ื“ ื•ืืœื™ื”ื•ื ื•ืฆืœืชื™; ืจืืฉื™ ื”ืืœืคื™ื ืืฉืจ ืœืžื ืฉื”ืƒ ื›ื‘ ื•ื”ืžื” ืขื–ืจื• ืขื ื“ื•ื™ื“ ืขืœ ื”ื’ื“ื•ื“ ื›ื™ ื’ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื—ื™ืœ ื›ืœื; ื•ื™ื”ื™ื• ืฉืจื™ื ื‘ืฆื‘ืืƒ ื›ื’ ื›ื™ ืœืขืช ื™ื•ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ื‘ืื• ืขืœ ื“ื•ื™ื“ ืœืขื–ืจื• ืขื“ ืœืžื—ื ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื›ืžื—ื ื” ืืœืงื™ืืƒ

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื ืคืจืง ื™ื‘

How can we understand this, that not only David does not stay to help the Israelite army, but even the Israelite ื’ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื—ื™ืœ and ืฉืจื™ื ื‘ืฆื‘ื abandon Saul? Many commentators say this is part of ื”ืณ's plan, and Rav Bazak points out that this explains the structure of the last perek:

ื›ืขืช ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืฉืืœืช ืกื“ืจ ื”ืคืจืงื™ื ืฉื”ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืขื™ืœ. ืœื•ึผ ื”ื•ืคื™ืข ืคืจืงื ื• ืžื™ื“ ืœืื—ืจ ืคืจืง ื›ืดื–, ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื ื• ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœืฉืืœื” ืžื“ื•ืข ื‘ืืžืช ืœื ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื” ืžื–ื™ืžืชื• ืฉืœ ื“ื•ื“. ืžืฉื•ื ื›ืš ื‘ื ืงื•ื“ื ืœื›ืŸ ืคืจืง ื›ืดื—, ื‘ื• ื”ื•ื‘ืจืจ ื›ื™ ืฉืื•ืœ ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืงืจืืช ืชื‘ื•ืกื” ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื”, ื›ื—ืœืง ืžืŸ ื”ืขื•ื ืฉ ืฉื ื’ื–ืจ ืขืœื™ื•, ื•ืืฉืจ ืขืœื™ื• ื ื•ื“ืข ืœื• ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื‘ืขืœืช ื”ืื•ื‘. ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืกื™ื‘ื‘ ื”ืณ ืืช ื”ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉืชื›ื ื™ืชื• ืฉืœ ื“ื•ื“ ืœื ืชืขืœื” ื‘ื™ื“ื•.

ื”ืจื‘ ืืžื ื•ืŸ ื‘ื–ืง, ื“ื•ื“ ื‘ืžื—ื ื” ืคืœืฉืชื™ื

And he points out that the story has a hint to a rosier ending for David than the inevitable doom that awaits Saul:

ืœืžืจื•ืช ื›ื™ืฉืœื•ืŸ ืชื›ื ื™ืชื• ืฉืœ ื“ื•ื“, ืžืกืชื™ื™ื ื”ืคืจืง ื‘ื ื™ืžื” ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื•ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ืช, ื”ืžืชื‘ื˜ืืช ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ืžืฉื•ืœืฉืช ืขืœ ื”ืžื™ืœื” ื‘ึผึนืงืจ, ื‘ืชื•ืกืคืช ื”ืžื™ืœื” ืื•ืจ. ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืœื• ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืžื•ื‘ื”ืง ืœืื•ื•ื™ืจื” ื”ืงื•ื“ืจืช ืฉืฉืจืจื” ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืงื•ื“ื, ืฉืชื—ื™ืœืชื• ื•ึทื™ึผึธื‘ึนืื•ึผ ืึถืœ ื”ึธืึดืฉึผืึธื” ืœึธื™ึฐืœึธื” (ื›ืดื—, ื—), ื•ืกื•ืคื• ื•ึทื™ึผึธืงึปืžื•ึผ ื•ึทื™ึผึตืœึฐื›ื•ึผ ื‘ึผึทืœึผึทื™ึฐืœึธื” ื”ึทื”ื•ึผื (ื›ืดื—, ื›ื”).

ื”ืจื‘ ืืžื ื•ืŸ ื‘ื–ืง, ื“ื•ื“ ื‘ืžื—ื ื” ืคืœืฉืชื™ื