This week’s parsha is, of course, the story of the מרגלים:
And it ends with the מצווה of ציצית:
Much has been said about the connection between the two; these spies sent לתור and the תקנה of לא תתורו אחרי לבבכם. ציצת symbolizes a way of seeing.
And calling these men “spies” is a misnomer; לתור means literally “to tour”, not so much to spy but to observe with the intention of learning, developing.
This shiur is based on a series of דברי תורה by Rabbi Zvi Magence, who was the מרא דאתרא of Congregation Beth Hamedrosh Hagadol for almost 40 years. He was born in Poland and made aliyah to learn with Rav Kook in 1935, but moved to the US to study engineering in 1939 and found himself stuck due to WWII. He married in the US, took a rabbinical job, then moved to St. Louis in 1945 and stayed as the rabbi of Beth Medrash Hagadol until his death in 1989. In 2015, his sons David and Mordechai published a collection of his Torah thoughts, in English, entitled Ḥumash Magen Zvi.
He notes the common theme of וראיתם את הארץ מה הוא and והיה לכם לציצת וראיתם אתו, and says that the latter “seeing” was how the spies were supposed to see the land. It needs to end with וזכרתם את כל מצות ה׳.
And then he adds an interesting connection. He attributes it to the Baal HaTurim, but I can’t find it inside. There is another use of the word וראית[ם]:
וראיתם את הארץ really had two sides: the ציצת side and the וראיתן על הָאׇבְנָיִם side. They needed to see the spiritual nature that was present at that time, and the potential that was there, if בני ישראל could apply themselves.
But they failed, because of “mission creep”.
There is an apparent contradiction in Rashi:
So were they כשרים, or did they go בעצה רעה? Yes. Being good people didn’t stop them from not focusing on Moshe’s goal of a spiritual fact-finding mission. The people, in fact, wanted a military spy mission:
And Moshe failed to make that clear.
That comes up in the interesting treatment of Yehoshua:
הושע בן נון was his name given at birth.
He was the grandson of the נשיא לבני אפרים:
And he was called יהושע when he became Moshe’s student:
But then why mention it here?
Moshe was not praying that Yehoshua be saved from the spies' evil plans; that would be מעצת המרגלים. At this point, the spies were כשרים. The problem was the whole concept of sending spies instead of tourists: עצת מרגלים.
Yehoshua was sent as one of the “אנשים”, the grandson of the head of his tribe. Moshe realized that mistakes have been made, that a mission of עצת מרגלים is going to fail. He prays that Yehoshua go as משרת משה.
Moshe has the right intention in sending this mission, but somehow he does not communicate it with the people.
Rashi is quoting the gemara (סוטה לד,ב), but the gemara only has the one word, לדעתך. Rabbi Magence interprets it differently.
The Slonimer spells it out:
And the
tragedy is that the spies were unable to accomplish וראיתן על האבנים: they could not see the spiritual potential inherent when בני ישראל live in ארץ ישראל.
This mission, this inability to communicate, was yet another step in Moshe’s failure as leader of בני ישראל.