I’ve been out of town; this is a re-presentation of פרשת ואתחנן תש״פ.
There’s a well-known principle in this week’s parsha:
And Rashi explains:
But the same principle appeared two weeks ago, in פרשת ואתחנן:
And Rashi there gave the same explanation:
The Sifrei, however, only explains it here in פרשת ראה. It is ignored in פרשת ואתחנן.
I’m not going to try to understand Rashi. The Vilna Gaon proposes that there really are two different mitzvot: don’t add a new commandment (in ואתחנן) and don’t add details to the existing commandments (in ראה):
In the ספר הזכרון for Rav Hutner, there is an interesting letter that he sent:
הגרמ״ד ריבקין is Rabbi Moshe Dov Ber Rivkin, rosh yeshiva at Yeshiva Torah Vodaath and father of St. Louis’s chief rabbi, Rabbi Sholom Rivkin. The קונטרס that Rav Hutner is reviewing was reprinted in Rabbi Rivkin’s sefer, תפארת ציון, under the title
בענין אם יש מצוה בח״ש [חצי שיעור] ובענין גדרי הלאוין בל תגרע ובל תוסיף. He makes some interesting points about the mitzvah of בל תוסיף.
Rav Hutner says that his correspondent claims to disagree with the Vilna Gaon:
But Rav Hutner says that this reflects a misunderstanding in the Gaon:
So what does the Gra mean? How do I understand Rav Hutner?
The mitzvah in ואתחנן is addressed to “חז״ל”, those with Rabbinic Authority to instruct others (who has that authority is a huge question, that I will not address here): “Thou shalt not gaslight בני ישראל”.
Rav Hutner, of course, assumes that we know about the argument between the Rambam and Yosef Albo (15th century author of Sefer ha-‘Ikkarim), and why it’s relevant. I’m not so smart, so I will review:
Any mitzvah imposed by human beings is דרבנן, and we need to know that:
Albo disagrees:
Albo agrees that the Torah as given to Moshe will never be changed in the future; he just says that this is not an עיקר; you are not a heretic if you disagree. You are simply wrong.
I think Rav Hutner is saying is that the argument between Rambam and Albo is about the meaning of בל תוסיף. Rambam says that violating בל תוסיף, claiming that there is some new law of the Torah, is a claim that הקב״ה is not perfect, that He changed His mind. This is heresy.
Albo says that telling הקב״ה what to do is beyond our pay grade. בל תוסיף is not about limiting ה׳'s power, it is (in the Vilna Gaon’s model) about our responsibility as human beings. It is about הוראה. ה׳ has given us ownership, as it were, of His Will; we, as it were, tell G-d what He meant when he said the words of the Torah. בל תוסיף is about limiting that power, and recognizing where that power comes from.
לא תספו על הדבר אשר אנכי מצוה אתכם is a statement of the Spiderman principle: with great power comes great responsibility.
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