This week’s parsha starts with Avraham mourning for Sara:
What was the nature of that הספד? The text doesn’t tell us, but the midrash suggests it was the poem now known as אשת חיל:
The midrash connects דָּרְשָׁה צֶמֶר וּפִשְׁתִּים to the relationship between Yitzchak and Yishmael, and Sara’s reaction to them. What does that mean? At the פשט level, wool and linen were simply the fabrics that people made clothing out of; polyester hadn’t been invented.
But there’s something deeper about wool and linen. You can make clothing out of either of them, but not both:
The prohibition of שעטנז is one of the quintessential חוקים; we have no reason why it should be forbidden. But we can speculate. Chizkuni says that שעטנז symbolizes the first conflict:
שעטנז is a symbol of fratricide. There exist things that are fine by themselves, but when mixed explode. We need to keep them separate. צמר and פשתים symbolize that.
We usually read this story as Sara kicking Yishmael out of the house.
But דָּרְשָׁה צֶמֶר וּפִשְׁתִּים means that she is seeking (דָּרְשָׁה) both of her sons, adoptive and biological. It is a different way of looking at this story: Sara is seeking the best for both of them. If they continue to live together, they will be at each other’s throats. But separately, they can be partners.
And the
bottom line is that Sara is right.
So the Midrash Tanchuma sees this as part of Avraham’s eulogy for Sara. Avraham is the paragon of חסד, of feeling “at one” with the other. Sara, here, is portrayed as the paragon of דין, of making necessary distinctions. Sara and Avraham are not clones of one another; they are examples of עזר כנגדו.
And that has implications for the rest of the parsha, which is all about finding a wife for Yitzchak. Yitzchak is his mother’s son, the paragon of דין (also called גבורה or עבודה), an awareness of separateness.
He does not need a wife of דין; he needs a wife of חסד. And that is exactly what עבד אברהם looks for.
The Chida makes this point about the עבד’s statement, אֹתָּה הכחת לעבדך ליצחק:
If I were the sort of person who says such things, I would conclude that the lesson of חיי שרה is that the ideal spouse is not one who compliments us but the one who complements us.