So now I am committed to talking about this, even though I’m not sure I have much to say.
But I want to look at a single pasuk in this week’s parsha:
It’s part of the travels of בני ישראל from Egypt to Mount Sinai:
And we know the story of what happened there: the
bitter water was made sweet, and (שמות טו:כה) שם שם לו חק ומשפט ושם נסהו. Then we have our pasuk:
And then they move on:
And there they complain about food and we have the miracle of the מן.
And there they complain about the water, and we have the miracle of splitting the rock, and the war with עמלק.
So what’s the big deal about the שתים עשרה עינת מים ושבעים תמרים? Why mention that? It can’t be simply that the Torah is listing all the places they camped, because we have the three days from ים סוף to מרה with no listed places, and I have to assume they stopped for the night. You might argue that quick overnights where they didn’t unpack aren’t listed (we’ve all done road trips like that) but there must be something more. In the list of campsites in פרשת מסעי, there are more stops listed:
So somehow אילם is important to mention in our parsha, where דפקה and אלוש are not. And the שתים עשרה עינת מים ושבעים תמרים are important enough to mention in פרשת מסעי.
One possibility is literary: the Torah includes this apparently minor stop to create a chiasmus from Egypt to Mount Sinai:
And this chiasmus emphasizes the
transition from miracles that are all in ה׳'s hands (בני ישראל hide in their houses during מכת בכורות) to the people’s active participation (נעשה ונשמע). That warrants a shiur of its own, but I’m not going to go there.
You could look at a
midrashic understanding of springs of water and date palms (אין מים אלא תורה and צדיק כתמר יפרח) and that would be a very good idea. But not yet.
But I want to look at the פשט, and at what’s missing here.
It’s striking that at this one stop, there are no complaints, no fighting. They come to a place, and there is drinkable water and dessert (they had plenty of matzah at that time; they didn’t run out until the next month).
So Ramban wonders why mention אלים and its springs and palms at all:
So the מכילתא brings a sort of “פשט אגדה”, that I think is what the text is implying:
There’s a probably more accurate version in the מכילתא דרבי שמעון בר יוחאי:
It seems like all בני ישראל do is complain and get punished. But really, there are only a handful of incidents in 40 years of relative quiet.
There is no mention in the text of these miracles, but they must have happened if בני ישראל wandered in the wilderness for 40 years. The miracles we hear about in the text are the ones that were in response to complaints. That’s not how the world is supposed to work:
Our response to adversity should be בטחון and השתדלות, not תלונות. When the people had enough faith in ה׳ to not complain, things just worked out.
Griping is a state of mind. If we are complaining about הקב״ה, then we are complaining about our leaders and complaining about our friends and complaining about our children. That had to stop for the people to become a nation. That is what the text is alluding to with the numerical symbolism of שתים עשרה עינת מים ושבעים תמרים.
And it was only when they stopped griping that they could receive the Torah.
There must be a lesson somewhere in there for us today. 🙂