This week’s parsha is Moshe’s “swan song”, שירת האזינו:
The line of כי שם ה׳ אקרא הבו גדל לאלקינו makes this song responsive:
And the gemara draws an interesting conclusion from that pasuk:
It’s not clear why the concept of ברכה and response (our “אמן”) should be linked here to תלמוד תורה. Several reasons are given:
But there’s an interesting perspective from the Netziv. We start with the nature of ספר דברים as a whole:
We’ve talked many times about this idea, that ספר דברים is different from the rest of חומש. The rest of the תורה is literally the word of G-d, ה׳ מדבר מגרונו של משה. דברים started as Moshe’s lectures on תורה שבעל פה, and afterward ה׳ had him write them into the תורה, that made ספר דברים into תורה שבכתב. But האזינו is different: Moshe is commanded to write it and teach it. There is no הואיל משה here.
What’s interesting is that Moshe had already completed writing the תורה back in פסוק ט:
And so Moshe writes this new שירה, teaches it to בני ישראל, then appends it to the ספר he had written:
The status of זאת הברכה is a separate question. Ibn Ezra says it was given and recorded earlier, as part of וילך. Ramban argues that it was part of the נבואה of האזינו.
The Netziv says that this means that האזינו is fundamentally different from the rest of Moshe’s נבואה:
He expands:
Moshe didn’t present שירת האזינו as an oration: “Thus saith the Lord”. He unrolled a scroll of the Torah and said, let’s learn this together.
And why was שירת האזינו different? The Netziv says something radical:
The Netziv proposes that Moshe, close to his death, lost some of his רוח הקודש and no longer was at the level that he was before. But he has to explain the pasuk in זאת הברכה:
So he says that זאת הברכה was Moshe’s last spark of נבואה (which is how he explains the appelation of משה איש האלקים in that parsha). But שירת האזינו is not even at the level of ספרי נביא; it is effectively at the level of ספרי כתובים, written ברוח הקודש. It is holy, but not the same as a נבואה meant for the נביא's contemporaries.
Levi Yitzchok of Berditchev says something similar:
The Kedushas Levi makes the point that Moshe’s diminished רוח הקודש was not from old age, but it was taken away from Moshe:
ניטלה מסורת החכמה ממנו וניתנה ליהושע. Rashi cites the Sifrei that this was to honor Yehoshua:
But I think that this נטילה is more than that. It is what allowed for כי שם ה׳ אקרא הבו גדל לאלקינו, for בני ישראל to say ברכת התורה. Before, it was a lecture from the impossibly high level of Moshe Rabbeinu. That’s not learning. תלמוד תורה can’t be passive; it must be learned בחברותא. Now, on the last day of his life, Moshe could say: Here’s the Torah; let’s learn together. You have the same text before you that I have.
תלמוד תורה is how we experience the mind of G-d. It is as close to נבואה as we can achieve; that’s why we say ברכת התורה. שירת האזינו is when that started.